Abstract
Fruit effects on carbon (C) balance between reproductive and vegetative growth, and between shoots and roots, were studied under low versus high nitrogen (N) availability before and after veraison. Fruiting vines were compared with non-fruiting vines, and N was supplied at either a low or high rate, and either continuously or as a split application before and after veraison. In non-fruiting grapevines, leaf growth was greatly affected by N supply, but root growth was little affected. Low N supply before veraison favoured berry development, whereas after veraison enlarging fruits were disadvantaged by low N supply. Fruit growth was highly competitive with root growth, particularly before veraison, when N supply was low. Whole plant C and N accumulation rates were lower in fruiting plants. Berry amino acid content was influenced by all combinations of N treatments. Overall, fruit development was favoured by ensuring a low N supply rate before veraison, but this occurred at the expense of root growth as well as C and N uptake by the grapevines. After veraison, fruit can express a high sink strength if N is made available, probably because photosynthetic activity increases. These results provide new insights into how N may be managed in order to control grapevine C partitioning, to encourage berry development, and to sustain overall C and N uptake by grapevines.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
N supply greatly affected leaf growth in non-fruiting grapevines.
VitisNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In non-fruiting grapevines, leaf growth was greatly affected by N supply, but root growth was little affected.”
t0“grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
N supply had little effect on root growth in non-fruiting grapevines.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In non-fruiting grapevines, leaf growth was greatly affected by N supply, but root growth was little affected.”
t0“grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
Low N before veraison favoured berry development.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Low N supply before veraison favoured berry development, whereas after veraison enlarging fruits were disadvantaged by low N supply.”
t0“grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
Low N after veraison disadvantaged enlarging fruits.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Low N supply before veraison favoured berry development, whereas after veraison enlarging fruits were disadvantaged by low N supply.”
t0“grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit growth competed strongly with root growth, especially before veraison under low N.
- Organ / stage
- Fruite0
- Treatment
- N supply was lowe0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- highly competitivee0
- Qualifier
- particularly before veraisone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit growth was highly competitive with root growth, particularly before veraison, when N supply was low.”
t0“grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruiting plants had lower whole-plant C accumulation rates.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Whole plant C and N accumulation rates were lower in fruiting plants.”
t0“grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruiting plants had lower whole-plant N accumulation rates.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Whole plant C and N accumulation rates were lower in fruiting plants.”
t0“grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
Berry amino acid content varied with all combinations of N treatments.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Berry amino acid content was influenced by all combinations of N treatments.”
t0“grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
Low N before veraison favoured fruit development at the expense of root growth.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overall, fruit development was favoured by ensuring a low N supply rate before veraison, but this occurred at the expense of root growth as well as C and N uptake by the grapevines.”
t0“grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
Low N before veraison reduced grapevine C and N uptake.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overall, fruit development was favoured by ensuring a low N supply rate before veraison, but this occurred at the expense of root growth as well as C and N uptake by the grapevines.”
t0“grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit can express high sink strength after veraison when N is available.
- Treatment
- N is made availablee0
- Outcome
- high sink strengthe0
- Direction
- highe0
- Qualifier
- probably because photosynthetic activity increasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After veraison, fruit can express a high sink strength if N is made available, probably because photosynthetic activity increases.”
t0“grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend managing N supply to encourage berry development and sustain C and N uptake.
- Outcome
- N may be managede0
- Qualifier
- to encourage berry development, and to sustain overall C and N uptakee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These results provide new insights into how N may be managed in order to control grapevine C partitioning, to encourage berry development, and to sustain overall C and N uptake by grapevines.”
t0“grapevines”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · nutrient: content · VitisPositive and negative results
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
This paper is about lacking the nutrient, so it counts the other way round here.
- negative
- positive
- positive
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →nitrogen · growth · VitisPositive and negative results
16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
This paper is about lacking the nutrient, so it counts the other way round here.
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
17 papers more in this group
See all 21 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.