Abstract
Abstract To investigate the effect of elevated CO 2 on the size inequality and size structure, even‐aged monospecific stands of an annual, Chenopodium album , were established at ambient and doubled CO 2 with high and low nutrient availabilities in open top chambers. The growth of individual plants was monitored non‐destructively every week until flowering. Elevated CO 2 significantly enhanced plant growth at high nutrients, but did not at low nutrients. The size inequality expressed as the coefficient of variation tended to increase at elevated CO 2 . Size structure of the stands was analyzed by the cumulative frequency distribution of plant size. At early stages of plant growth, CO 2 elevation benefited all individuals and shifted the whole size distribution of the stand to large size classes. At later stages, dominant individuals were still larger at elevated than at ambient CO 2 , but the difference in small subordinate individuals between two CO 2 levels became smaller. Although these tendencies were found at both nutrient availabilities, difference in size distribution between CO 2 levels was larger at high nutrients. The CO 2 elevation did not significantly enhance the growth rate as a function of plant size except for the high nutrient stand at the earliest stage, indicating that the higher biomass at elevated CO 2 at later stages in the high nutrient stand was caused by the larger size of individuals at the earliest stage. Thus the effect of elevated CO 2 on stand structure and size inequality strongly depended on the growth stage and nutrient availabilities.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 significantly enhanced growth under high nutrients.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium album
Chenopodium albumt0 - Treatment
- Elevated CO 2e0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- high nutrientse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated CO 2 significantly enhanced plant growth at high nutrients, but did not at low nutrients.”
t0“Chenopodium album”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 did not enhance growth under low nutrients.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium albumChenopodium albumt0
- Treatment
- Elevated CO 2e0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- did note0
- Qualifier
- low nutrientse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated CO 2 significantly enhanced plant growth at high nutrients, but did not at low nutrients.”
t0“Chenopodium album”
Claim · model-written summary
Size inequality tended to increase under elevated CO2.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium albumChenopodium albumt0
- Treatment
- elevated CO 2e0
- Outcome
- size inequalitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- tended toe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The size inequality expressed as the coefficient of variation tended to increase at elevated CO 2 .”
t0“Chenopodium album”
Claim · model-written summary
At early growth stages elevated CO2 shifted stand size distribution toward larger classes.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium albumChenopodium albumt0
- Treatment
- CO 2 elevatione0
- Outcome
- size distribution of the stande0
- Direction
- shiftede0
- Qualifier
- At early stages of plant growthe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At early stages of plant growth, CO 2 elevation benefited all individuals and shifted the whole size distribution of the stand to large size classes.”
t0“Chenopodium album”
Claim · model-written summary
At later stages dominant individuals remained larger under elevated CO2.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium albumChenopodium albumt0
- Treatment
- elevatede0
- Outcome
- dominant individualse0
- Direction
- largere0
- Comparator
- ambient CO 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At later stages, dominant individuals were still larger at elevated than at ambient CO 2 , but the difference in small subordinate individuals between two CO 2 levels became smaller.”
t0“Chenopodium album”
Claim · model-written summary
At later stages the size difference among subordinate individuals narrowed.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium albumChenopodium albumt0
- Treatment
- CO 2 levelse0
- Outcome
- difference in small subordinate individualse0
- Direction
- smallere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the difference in small subordinate individuals between two CO 2 levels became smaller.”
t0“Chenopodium album”
Claim · model-written summary
The CO2-related distribution difference was larger at high nutrients.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium albumChenopodium albumt0
- Treatment
- high nutrientse0
- Outcome
- difference in size distributione0
- Direction
- largere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“difference in size distribution between CO 2 levels was larger at high nutrients.”
t0“Chenopodium album”
Claim · model-written summary
CO2 elevation generally did not significantly enhance size-specific growth rate.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium albumChenopodium albumt0
- Treatment
- CO 2 elevatione0
- Outcome
- growth rate as a function of plant sizee0
- Direction
- did not significantly enhancee0
- Qualifier
- except for the high nutrient stand at the earliest stagee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The CO 2 elevation did not significantly enhance the growth rate as a function of plant size except for the high nutrient stand at the earliest stage”
t0“Chenopodium album”
Claim · model-written summary
At the earliest stage under high nutrients elevated CO2 enhanced size-specific growth rate.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium albumChenopodium albumt0
- Treatment
- CO 2 elevatione0
- Outcome
- growth rate as a function of plant sizee0
- Qualifier
- high nutrient stand at the earliest stagee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The CO 2 elevation did not significantly enhance the growth rate as a function of plant size except for the high nutrient stand at the earliest stage”
t0“Chenopodium album”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher later biomass under elevated CO2 was attributed to larger individuals at the earliest stage.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium albumChenopodium albumt0
- Treatment
- elevated CO 2e0
- Outcome
- higher biomasse0
- Qualifier
- larger size of individuals at the earliest stagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the higher biomass at elevated CO 2 at later stages in the high nutrient stand was caused by the larger size of individuals at the earliest stage.”
t0“Chenopodium album”
The same questions in other papers
co2 · growth · Chenopodium album (common lambsquarters)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.