Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential element that plays a very important role in plant growth and development. Its accumulation in soil is now considered a serious environmental problem endangering agricultural production and human health. In this study, the influence of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) on photosynthesis, Cu, magnesium (Mg), and iron (Fe) contents was studied in tomato seedlings under Cu stress grown in hydroponic culture. The results showed that the addition of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a donor of exogenous NO, significantly alleviated photosynthetic inhibition in Cu-stressed tomatoes, including the recovery of photosynthetic pigment content and chlorophyll a fluorescence and the improvement of net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate. Application of exogenous NO by SNP reduced the excessive accumulation of Cu and recovered Mg and Fe contents in Cu-stressed tomatoes. This positive involvement of exogenous NO in tomato tolerance to Cu stress was further confirmed by addition of 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5- tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO), a specific NO scavenger, which resulted in further reduction of photosynthesis and more severe disturbance of ion homeostasis in Cu-stressed seedlings. These results indicate that rebalance of ion content was involved in alleviation of photosynthesis inhibition in Cu-stressed tomatoes by exogenous NO.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
SNP significantly alleviated photosynthetic inhibition in copper-stressed tomatoes.
- Taxon
- tomatoes
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- sodium nitroprusside (SNP)e0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic inhibitione0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
- Qualifier
- Cu-stressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the addition of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a donor of exogenous NO, significantly alleviated photosynthetic inhibition in Cu-stressed tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
SNP recovered photosynthetic pigment content and chlorophyll a fluorescence in copper-stressed tomatoes.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- sodium nitroprusside (SNP)e1
- Outcome
- photosynthetic pigment content and chlorophyll a fluorescencee0
- Direction
- recoverye0
- Qualifier
- Cu-stressede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the recovery of photosynthetic pigment content and chlorophyll a fluorescence and the improvement of net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate”
e1“the addition of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a donor of exogenous NO, significantly alleviated photosynthetic inhibition in Cu-stressed tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
SNP improved net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate in copper-stressed tomatoes.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- sodium nitroprusside (SNP)e1
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration ratee0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Qualifier
- Cu-stressede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the recovery of photosynthetic pigment content and chlorophyll a fluorescence and the improvement of net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate”
e1“the addition of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a donor of exogenous NO, significantly alleviated photosynthetic inhibition in Cu-stressed tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
SNP reduced excessive Cu accumulation in copper-stressed tomatoes.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- exogenous NO by SNPe0
- Outcome
- excessive accumulation of Cue0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- Cu-stressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of exogenous NO by SNP reduced the excessive accumulation of Cu and recovered Mg and Fe contents in Cu-stressed tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
SNP recovered Mg and Fe contents in copper-stressed tomatoes.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- exogenous NO by SNPe0
- Outcome
- Mg and Fe contentse0
- Direction
- recoverede0
- Qualifier
- Cu-stressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of exogenous NO by SNP reduced the excessive accumulation of Cu and recovered Mg and Fe contents in Cu-stressed tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
The NO scavenger cPTIO further reduced photosynthesis in copper-stressed seedlings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5- tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO)e0
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Qualifier
- Cu-stressed seedlingse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“addition of 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5- tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO), a specific NO scavenger, which resulted in further reduction of photosynthesis and more severe disturbance of ion homeostasis in Cu-stressed seedlings”
e1“tomato seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The NO scavenger cPTIO caused more severe ion homeostasis disturbance in copper-stressed seedlings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5- tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO)e0
- Outcome
- disturbance of ion homeostasise0
- Direction
- more severee0
- Qualifier
- Cu-stressed seedlingse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“addition of 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5- tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO), a specific NO scavenger, which resulted in further reduction of photosynthesis and more severe disturbance of ion homeostasis in Cu-stressed seedlings”
e1“tomato seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that rebalancing ion content contributed to NO-mediated relief of photosynthetic inhibition under Cu stress.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- exogenous NOe0
- Outcome
- alleviation of photosynthesis inhibitione0
- Qualifier
- rebalance of ion contente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rebalance of ion content was involved in alleviation of photosynthesis inhibition in Cu-stressed tomatoes by exogenous NO”
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