Abstract
Response of white clover ( Trifolium repens L.) leaf area to water deficit depends on three processes: individual leaf expansion, phytomer production, and stolon branching. We have evaluated these processes in five clones under a wide range of conditions. Four experiments of 60 to 120 d duration were conducted: two in a growth chamber, one in a greenhouse, and one outdoors. Water supply was managed in such a way that predawn leaf water potential and day‐time leaf relative water content (RWC) were maintained at constant values during deficit periods of 20 to 68 d. This was achieved by growing plants either in soil columns with irrigation controlled by tensiometers, or in vermiculite, on top of foam columns with a controlled level of water inside the foam. Leaf appearance rate (LAR) and leaf initiation rate remained constant with time at a given RWC, but decreased with decreases in RWC. A reduction in individual leaf area (LA) was observed in all leaves which experienced water deficit during part of the expansion period. Stolon branching decreased considerably with relatively mild deficits. Similar relationships between relative reductions in RWC (compared with control plants), and relative reductions in LA, LAR and stolon number were observed in all experiments. Short deficits (1–2 wk) caused a 20 to 30% reduction in stolon number and individual LA but no change in leaf number per stolon. Longer deficits with mild, intermediate, or severe intensities caused major reductions in stolon number, individual leaf area, and number of leaves per stolon, respectively, with respect to the reduction in plant leaf area. In addition to individual leaf area, phytomer production and stolon branching make major contributions to drought‐induced reductions in leaf area depending upon the type of water deficit.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf appearance and initiation rates stayed constant over time at a given relative water content but fell as relative water content decreased.
- Taxon
- white clover
Trifolium repenst0 - Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Outcome
- Leaf appearance rate (LAR) and leaf initiation ratee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- at a given RWCe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf appearance rate (LAR) and leaf initiation rate remained constant with time at a given RWC, but decreased with decreases in RWC”
t0“White Clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaves exposed to water deficit during expansion had reduced individual leaf area.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- water deficite0
- Outcome
- individual leaf area (LA)e0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A reduction in individual leaf area (LA) was observed in all leaves which experienced water deficit during part of the expansion period”
t0“White Clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Stolon branching decreased under relatively mild water deficits.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- relatively mild deficitse0
- Outcome
- Stolon branchinge0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stolon branching decreased considerably with relatively mild deficits”
t0“White Clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative reductions in water content related similarly to reductions in leaf area, leaf appearance, and stolon number across experiments.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Outcome
- relative reductions in LA, LAR and stolon numbere0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similar relationships between relative reductions in RWC (compared with control plants), and relative reductions in LA, LAR and stolon number were observed in all experiments”
t0“White Clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Short deficits reduced stolon number and individual leaf area by 20 to 30%.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- Short deficits (1–2 wk)e0
- Outcome
- stolon number and individual LAe0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 20 to 30%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Short deficits (1–2 wk) caused a 20 to 30% reduction in stolon number and individual LA”
t0“White Clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Short deficits did not change leaf number per stolon.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- Short deficits (1–2 wk)e0
- Outcome
- leaf number per stolone0
- Direction
- no changee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Short deficits (1–2 wk) caused a 20 to 30% reduction in stolon number and individual LA but no change in leaf number per stolon”
t0“White Clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Long mild deficits primarily reduced stolon number.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- Longer deficits with milde0
- Outcome
- stolon numbere0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Longer deficits with mild, intermediate, or severe intensities caused major reductions in stolon number, individual leaf area, and number of leaves per stolon, respectively”
t0“White Clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Long intermediate deficits primarily reduced individual leaf area.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- intermediatee0
- Outcome
- individual leaf areae0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Longer deficits with mild, intermediate, or severe intensities caused major reductions in stolon number, individual leaf area, and number of leaves per stolon, respectively”
t0“White Clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Long severe deficits primarily reduced leaf number per stolon.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- severe intensitiese0
- Outcome
- number of leaves per stolone0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Longer deficits with mild, intermediate, or severe intensities caused major reductions in stolon number, individual leaf area, and number of leaves per stolon, respectively”
t0“White Clover”
The same questions in other papers
drought · growth · Trifolium repens (white clover)Results differ
20 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
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See all 28 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.