Abstract
The effects of Vanillic Acid (VA) on germination, seedling and adult plant of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were investigated. Four cultivars, traditional (Taroom mahalli and Taroom deilamani) and improved (Shafagh and Onda) were studied. For germination, seeds were sterilized and then placed on Petri dish at 30 degrees C at different concentrations (0, 10, 20 and 25 mM) for 7 days and growth factors of seedling were measured after 14 days. Seedling (10 days) planted in hydroponic medium including nutrient solution amended with 0, 25, 50 and 100 mg kg(-1) VA. After 30 days, the growth factors were determined, alpha-amylase and peroxidase activities were assayed by Bernfeld and Maehly methods, respectively. Present results indicated that as a result of increasing concentrations of VA, germination percentage and germination rate as well as alpha-amylase activity markedly decreased except Onda in all cultivars. In all cultivars, seedling growth factors such as shoot length, fresh weight and dry weight as well as root have been reduced by increasing of VA. In adult plant, also shoot length, root length, shoot dry weight and root fresh weight were reduced by increasing concentrations of VA. Shoot fresh weight was decreased in Shafagh by increasing concentrations of VA; meanwhile, we have not observed any significant differences in the other cultivars. In the case of root dry weight, there were not significant differences in any cultivars. With increasing concentrations of VA, chlorophyll content reduced; on the contrary, peroxidase activity increased.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing VA decreased germination percentage and rate and alpha-amylase activity except in Onda.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- increasing concentrations of VAe0
- Outcome
- germination percentage and germination rate as well as alpha-amylase activitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- except Ondae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“as a result of increasing concentrations of VA, germination percentage and germination rate as well as alpha-amylase activity markedly decreased except Onda in all cultivars.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing VA reduced rice seedling shoot length and fresh and dry weight and root growth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- increasing of VAe0
- Outcome
- shoot length, fresh weight and dry weight as well as roote0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all cultivars, seedling growth factors such as shoot length, fresh weight and dry weight as well as root have been reduced by increasing of VA.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing VA reduced adult rice shoot and root length, shoot dry weight and root fresh weight.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- adult plante0
- Treatment
- increasing concentrations of VAe0
- Outcome
- shoot length, root length, shoot dry weight and root fresh weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In adult plant, also shoot length, root length, shoot dry weight and root fresh weight were reduced by increasing concentrations of VA.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing VA decreased shoot fresh weight in Shafagh.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Shafaghe0
- Treatment
- increasing concentrations of VAe0
- Outcome
- Shoot fresh weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot fresh weight was decreased in Shafagh by increasing concentrations of VA”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Other rice cultivars showed no significant shoot fresh-weight difference.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- other cultivarse0
- Outcome
- Shoot fresh weighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot fresh weight was decreased in Shafagh by increasing concentrations of VA; meanwhile, we have not observed any significant differences in the other cultivars.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Root dry weight did not differ significantly among cultivars.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- any cultivarse0
- Outcome
- root dry weighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the case of root dry weight, there were not significant differences in any cultivars.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing VA reduced chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- increasing concentrations of VAe0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With increasing concentrations of VA, chlorophyll content reduced”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing VA increased peroxidase activity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- increasing concentrations of VAe0
- Outcome
- peroxidase activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With increasing concentrations of VA, chlorophyll content reduced; on the contrary, peroxidase activity increased.”
t0“rice”
The same questions in other papers
vanillic acid · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.