Abstract
Foliar endophytes of Populus do not induce the hypersensitive response associated with major genes for resistance to Melampsora leaf rust. But they could contribute to the quantitative resistance that represents a second line of defense. Quantitative resistance is thought to be determined by suites of minor genes in both host and pathogen that are influenced by the abiotic environment. Here, we determined the relative importance to quantitative resistance of foliar endophytes, one element of the biotic environment. Leaves of six host genotypes differing in genetic resistance to Melampsora × columbiana were inoculated first with one of four foliar endophytes (Stachybotrys sp., Trichoderma atroviride, Ulocladium atrum or Truncatella angustata), and then with Melampsora. These endophytes greatly reduced rust severity within inoculated leaves (i.e. local effects), but they had no systemic effect on rust of leaves not inoculated with endophytes. Differences among endophytes and their controls explained 54% of the total variation in quantitative resistance (i.e. rust severity); the six host/pathogen genotypes explained just 5%. In terms of magnitude of effect on rust severity, Stachybotrys, Trichoderma, Ulocladium and Truncatella were ranked in this order on all host/pathogen genotypes. Endophytes may contribute significantly to quantitative resistance to Melampsora in leaves of Populus.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar endophytes greatly reduced Melampsora rust severity within inoculated leaves of Populus.
- Treatment
- endophytese1
- Interactor
- Melampsora × columbianae2pathogen
- Second interactor
- foliar endophytese3biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- rust severitye1
- Direction
- reducede1
PopulusNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar endophytes of Populus”
e1“These endophytes greatly reduced rust severity within inoculated leaves”
e2“genetic resistance to Melampsora × columbiana”
e3“inoculated first with one of four foliar endophytes”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar endophytes had no systemic effect on rust severity in leaves not inoculated with endophytes.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar endophytes of Populus”
e1“they had no systemic effect on rust of leaves not inoculated with endophytes”
Claim · model-written summary
Differences among endophytes and their controls explained 54% of the total variation in quantitative resistance.
- Treatment
- endophytese4
- Outcome
- total variation in quantitative resistancee4
- Value
- 54%e4
- Comparator
- controlse4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar endophytes of Populus”
e4“Differences among endophytes and their controls explained 54% of the total variation in quantitative resistance”
Claim · model-written summary
The six host/pathogen genotypes explained just 5% of the total variation in quantitative resistance.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar endophytes of Populus”
e5“the six host/pathogen genotypes explained just 5%”
e6“total variation in quantitative resistance”
Claim · model-written summary
Stachybotrys, Trichoderma, Ulocladium and Truncatella were ranked in this order by magnitude of effect on rust severity on all host/pathogen genotypes.
- Interactor
- Stachybotrys
Stachybotryse7biocontrol_agent - Second interactor
- Trichoderma
Trichodermae7biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- magnitude of effect on rust severitye7
- Direction
- ranked in this ordere7
- Qualifier
- Ulocladium and Truncatellae7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar endophytes of Populus”
e7“In terms of magnitude of effect on rust severity, Stachybotrys, Trichoderma, Ulocladium and Truncatella were ranked in this order on all host/pathogen genotypes”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · disease · Populus (poplar)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.