Abstract
Abstract Soybean plants [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.) were cropped over a period of 3 years, under field conditions, in a soil amended with Cd (as CdCl 2 ·2½ H 2 O) at rates corresponding to 0, 3.3, 12.5, and 22.8 kg Cd/ha in order to evaluate the effect of Cd on seed yield, Cd accumulation in seeds, and the distribution of indigenous Rhizobium japonicum strains. Cadmium migration from the cultivated layers to the subsoil during 3 years was not significant. Soybean seed yields were affected significantly only when DTPA‐TEA‐extractable Cd was > 1.57 µ g Cd/g in the cultivated layers of the soil, suggesting that only in cases of extreme Cd contamination would significant yield reduction occur. Cadmium content of seeds increased from year to year with values > 1 µ g Cd/g being found only when Cd had been added. Grain yield decreased only in the high Cd treatments. Therefore, grain yield would be a poor indicator of Cd contamination in a soil cropped with soybeans. The results also suggested DTPA‐TEA‐extractable soil Cd does not accurately measure the readily available pool of Cd for soybean plants. Rather Cd content of seeds appears to be a better indicator of the extent of Cd contamination. Rhizobium japonicum strain distribution was not affected by the presence of Cd in the soil. Serogroups 24, 31, 76, and 94 dominated the area surveyed.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium migration to subsoil over three years was not significant.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- Cadmiume0
- Outcome
- Cadmium migration from the cultivated layers to the subsoile0
- Qualifier
- during 3 yearse0
Not reportedComparatorDirectionValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cadmium migration from the cultivated layers to the subsoil during 3 years was not significant”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean seed yield was significantly affected only above the stated extractable soil Cd threshold.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- DTPA‐TEA‐extractable Cde0
- Outcome
- Soybean seed yieldse0
- Value
- > 1.57 µ g Cd/ge0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean seed yields were affected significantly only when DTPA‐TEA‐extractable Cd was > 1.57 µ g Cd/g in the cultivated layers of the soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed cadmium increased from year to year.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Outcome
- Cadmium content of seedse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cadmium content of seeds increased from year to year”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed Cd above 1 µ g Cd/g occurred only with Cd addition.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Cd had been addede0
- Outcome
- values > 1 µ g Cd/ge0
- Value
- > 1 µ g Cd/ge0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“values > 1 µ g Cd/g being found only when Cd had been added”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield decreased only under high Cd treatments.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- high Cd treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Grain yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield decreased only in the high Cd treatments”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield is judged a poor indicator of soil Cd contamination in soybean cropping.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- grain yield would be a poor indicator of Cd contaminatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield would be a poor indicator of Cd contamination in a soil cropped with soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Extractable soil Cd does not accurately measure readily available Cd for soybean.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- does not accurately measure the readily available pool of Cde0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DTPA‐TEA‐extractable soil Cd does not accurately measure the readily available pool of Cd for soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed Cd content appears a better indicator of contamination extent.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- better indicator of the extent of Cd contaminatione0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cd content of seeds appears to be a better indicator of the extent of Cd contamination”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobium japonicum strain distribution was unaffected by soil Cd.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- presence of Cd in the soile0
- Interactor
- Rhizobium japonicume0symbiont
- Outcome
- Rhizobium japonicum strain distributione0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rhizobium japonicum strain distribution was not affected by the presence of Cd in the soil”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobium serogroups 24, 31, 76 and 94 dominated the survey area.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- Rhizobium japonicume1symbiont
- Outcome
- Serogroups 24, 31, 76, and 94 dominated the area surveyede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Serogroups 24, 31, 76, and 94 dominated the area surveyed”
t0“Soybean”
e1“Rhizobium japonicum strain distribution”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.