Abstract
Field and laboratory experiments were conducted from 1987 through 1989 to determine if plant-derived semiochemicals and carbamate insecticides, encapsulated in starch-borate (SBM) and pregelatinized-starch (PGM) matrices, could be used to attract and kill corn rootworm (Diabrottca spp.) beetles. D. vtrgifera vtrgifera LeConte adults were concentrated in plots within a corn (Zea mays L.) field, following application of SBM granules formulated with semiochemicals and carbaryl. However, resulting mortality was low even though beetles were observed feeding on the granules. Low mortality levels appear to have been caused by a loss of carbaryl during the formulation process. Laboratory assay results indicated that carbaryl, methomyl or carbofuran formulated in the PGM effectively killed D. vtrgifera adults but only SBM granules formulated with carbofuran provided acceptable mortality. PGM semiochemical-insecticide granules placed in traps killed Diabrotica spp. over time in field corn. D. v. virgifera and D. undecimpunctata howardt Barber mortality in plots treated with starch-encapsulated semiochemical-insecticide granules were comparable to mortality observed in plots treated with a broadcast application of carbaryl (Sevin XLR Plus) while using 90% less insecticide. Mortality of D. harbert Smith & Lawrence was significantly greater in Sevin XLR Plus-treated plots than in plots treated with starch granules. Mortality of the coccinellid Coleomegilla maculata lengi Timberlake was significantly greater in plots treated with Sevin XLR Plus than in plots treated with starch granules, whereas a reverse trend was observed for the carabid Harpalus pennsylvantcus De Geer. Data suggest that efficacy of starch matrix delivery systems may be affected by the interaction of various biotic and abiotic factors but starch matrices appear to have potential as tools that could be used in the development of new, more environmentally sound, corn rootworm management programs.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
SBM granules concentrated adult rootworms in corn field plots.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- SBM granules formulated with semiochemicals and carbaryle0
- Interactor
- D. vtrgifera vtrgifera LeContee0pest
- Outcome
- D. vtrgifera vtrgifera LeConte adultse0
- Direction
- concentratede0
- Setting
- corn (Zea mays L.) fielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“D. vtrgifera vtrgifera LeConte adults were concentrated in plots within a corn (Zea mays L.) field, following application of SBM granules formulated with semiochemicals and carbaryl.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mortality after SBM granules was low despite beetle feeding.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- granulese0
- Interactor
- corn rootwormt0pest
- Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Direction
- lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, resulting mortality was low even though beetles were observed feeding on the granules.”
t0“corn rootworm”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbaryl loss during formulation appeared to cause low mortality.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Interactor
- corn rootwormt0pest
- Outcome
- Low mortality levelse0
- Qualifier
- loss of carbaryl during the formulation processe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Low mortality levels appear to have been caused by a loss of carbaryl during the formulation process.”
t0“corn rootworm”
Claim · model-written summary
PGM with carbaryl, methomyl, or carbofuran effectively killed D. vtrgifera adults in laboratory assays.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- carbaryl, methomyl or carbofuran formulated in the PGMe0
- Interactor
- D. vtrgiferae0pest
- Outcome
- D. vtrgifera adultse0
- Direction
- killede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“carbaryl, methomyl or carbofuran formulated in the PGM effectively killed D. vtrgifera adults”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Only SBM granules with carbofuran achieved acceptable beetle mortality.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- SBM granules formulated with carbofurane0
- Interactor
- corn rootwormt0pest
- Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Direction
- acceptablee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only SBM granules formulated with carbofuran provided acceptable mortality.”
t0“corn rootworm”
Claim · model-written summary
PGM granules in traps killed Diabrotica spp. over time in field corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- PGM semiochemical-insecticide granules placed in trapse0
- Interactor
- Diabrotica spp.
Diabroticae0pest - Outcome
- Diabrotica spp.e0
- Direction
- killede0
- Setting
- field corne0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PGM semiochemical-insecticide granules placed in traps killed Diabrotica spp. over time in field corn.”
Claim · model-written summary
Granules gave comparable D. v. virgifera and D. undecimpunctata mortality to broadcast carbaryl while using 90% less insecticide.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- starch-encapsulated semiochemical-insecticide granulese0
- Interactor
- D. v. virgiferae0pest
- Outcome
- D. v. virgifera and D. undecimpunctata howardt Barber mortalitye0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Value
- 90% less insecticidee0
- Comparator
- a broadcast application of carbaryl (Sevin XLR Plus)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“D. v. virgifera and D. undecimpunctata howardt Barber mortality in plots treated with starch-encapsulated semiochemical-insecticide granules were comparable to mortality observed in plots treated with a broadcast application of carbaryl (Sevin XLR Plus) while using 90% less insecticide.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
D. harbert mortality was greater with Sevin than starch granules.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Sevin XLR Pluse0
- Interactor
- D. harbert Smith & Lawrencee0pest
- Outcome
- Mortality of D. harbert Smith & Lawrencee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- starch granulese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mortality of D. harbert Smith & Lawrence was significantly greater in Sevin XLR Plus-treated plots than in plots treated with starch granules.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Coleomegilla maculata mortality was greater with Sevin than starch granules.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Sevin XLR Pluse0
- Interactor
- Coleomegilla maculata lengi Timberlake
Coleomegilla maculatae0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- Mortality of the coccinellid Coleomegilla maculata lengi Timberlakee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- starch granulese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mortality of the coccinellid Coleomegilla maculata lengi Timberlake was significantly greater in plots treated with Sevin XLR Plus than in plots treated with starch granules”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Harpalus pennsylvantcus mortality showed the reverse treatment trend.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- starch granulese1
- Interactor
- Harpalus pennsylvantcus De Geere0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- Harpalus pennsylvantcus De Geere0
- Direction
- reverse trende0
- Comparator
- Sevin XLR Pluse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whereas a reverse trend was observed for the carabid Harpalus pennsylvantcus De Geer.”
t0“Corn Rootworm”
e1“Sevin XLR Plus than in plots treated with starch granules, whereas a reverse trend was observed for the carabid Harpalus pennsylvantcus De Geer.”
The same questions in other papers
carbofuran · pest · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
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- negative
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See all 14 papers →semiochemical · pest · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
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methomyl · pest · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
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carbaryl · pest · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.