Abstract
Abstract Irrigated corn ( Zea mays L.) is an important feed grain crop on the Southern High Plains where the supply of water for irrigation is declining. Limited irrigation‐applying less water than is required to meet potential evapotranspiration‐is extensively practiced on the drought tolerant crops of grain sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), and cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.). The purpose of this paper is (i) to report the effects of timing and duration of water deficit periods on growth and yield components of corn, (ii) to evaluate the seasonal evapotranspiration requirements of corn, and (iii) to give further information regarding the adaptation of corn for limited irrigation in a region of normally high evaporative demand climate. In a 4‐yr study, corn was grown under five irrigation treatments: adequate water, 2‐ and 4‐week water deficit periods during vegetative growth, and 2‐ and 4‐week water deficit periods during grain filling. Water deficits imposed 41 days after planting reduced leaf, stalk, and ear yields, while those imposed 55 days after planting reduced only stalk and ear yields. Deficits during vegetative growth reduced kernel numbers but had little effect on weight per kernel. Deficits during grain filling did not affect leaf and stalk yields but reduced ear yields. Kernel numbers were not affected by water deficits during grain filling unless severe deficits were imposed early in the period; thus, grain yield reductions were proportional to reductions in weight per kernel. With adequate water, seasonal water use averaged 964 mm on graded furrows and 834 mm in level borders. Although water use efficiency (WUE) was sometimes increased slightly when plants were subjected to water deficits, the data indicate that limited irrigation of corn would not be feasible on the Southern High Plains.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Deficits 41 days after planting reduced leaf, stalk and ear yields.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- Water deficits imposed 41 days after plantinge0
- Outcome
- leaf, stalk, and ear yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water deficits imposed 41 days after planting reduced leaf, stalk, and ear yields”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficits 55 days after planting reduced stalk and ear yields.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- those imposed 55 days after plantinge0
- Outcome
- stalk and ear yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“those imposed 55 days after planting reduced only stalk and ear yields”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Vegetative-stage deficits reduced kernel numbers.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Deficits during vegetative growthe0
- Outcome
- kernel numberse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Deficits during vegetative growth reduced kernel numbers but had little effect on weight per kernel.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Vegetative-stage deficits had little effect on kernel weight.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Deficits during vegetative growthe0
- Outcome
- weight per kernele0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Deficits during vegetative growth reduced kernel numbers but had little effect on weight per kernel.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain-filling deficits did not affect leaf and stalk yields.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Deficits during grain fillinge0
- Outcome
- leaf and stalk yieldse0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Deficits during grain filling did not affect leaf and stalk yields but reduced ear yields.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain-filling deficits reduced ear yields.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Deficits during grain fillinge0
- Outcome
- ear yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Deficits during grain filling did not affect leaf and stalk yields but reduced ear yields.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Kernel numbers were usually unaffected by grain-filling deficits except severe early deficits.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- water deficits during grain fillinge0
- Outcome
- Kernel numberse0
- Direction
- not affectede0
- Qualifier
- unless severe deficits were imposed early in the periode0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kernel numbers were not affected by water deficits during grain filling unless severe deficits were imposed early in the period”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield reductions tracked reduced weight per kernel.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- kernele0
- Outcome
- grain yield reductionse0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield reductions were proportional to reductions in weight per kernel”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
With adequate water, seasonal water use averaged 964 mm on graded furrows.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- seasonal water usee0
- Value
- 964 mme0
- Setting
- graded furrowse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With adequate water, seasonal water use averaged 964 mm on graded furrows and 834 mm in level borders.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
With adequate water, seasonal water use averaged 834 mm in level borders.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- seasonal water usee0
- Value
- 834 mme0
- Setting
- level borderse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With adequate water, seasonal water use averaged 964 mm on graded furrows and 834 mm in level borders.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficits sometimes increased water use efficiency slightly.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- water deficitse0
- Outcome
- water use efficiency (WUE)e0
- Direction
- increased slightlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water use efficiency (WUE) was sometimes increased slightly when plants were subjected to water deficits”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors judge limited corn irrigation infeasible on the Southern High Plains.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- limited irrigation of corne0
- Setting
- Southern High Plainse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“limited irrigation of corn would not be feasible on the Southern High Plains”
t0“corn”
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