Abstract
The physiological reasons for the differences in sensitivity of C3 and C4 plant species to environmental stresses have not been thoroughly explained. In this study the effects of drought stress on the growth and selected physiological traits were examined in the seedlings of 13 single cross maize (C4 plant) hybrids and 11 spring triticale (C3 plant) breeding lines and varieties differing in drought sensitivity. For plants in the seedling stage the results demonstrated a genetic variation in dry matter accumulation of shoots and roots (DWS, DWR), number (N) and length (L) of particular components (seminal, seminal adventitious, nodal) of the root system, membrane injury by soil drought (LID), osmotic and high temperature stress (LIOS, LIHT), water potential (ψ), water loss (WL), grain germination in osmotic stress (FG, PI), and seedling survival (SS). Seedlings grown under moderate soil drought showed a decrease in dry matter of the top parts and roots and a decrease in the length of seminal, seminal adventitious and nodal roots in comparison to seedlings grown in control conditions. The observed harmful effects of drought stress were more distinct in drought sensitive genotypes. Used in this paper drought susceptibility indexes (DSIGY) were calculated in other experiment by determining the changes in grain yield (GY) under two soil moisture levels (irrigated and drought). The variation of DSIGY for maize ranges from 0.381 to 0.650 and for triticale from 0.354 to 0.578. The correlations between DSIGY and laboratory tests (LI, FG, SS) confirmed that they are good indicators of drought tolerance in plants. The highest values of genetic variation were observed in LI, DWS, SS and WL and the lowest in the measurements of ψ FG, PI, LS, LSA and LN. The correlation coefficients between LIOS and LIHT tests were, in most of the considered cases, statistically significant, which indicates that in maize and triticale the mechanisms of membrane injury caused by simulated drought or high temperature are physiologically similar. It can be concluded that an approach to the breeding of maize and triticale for drought tolerance using these tests can be implemented on the basis of separate selection for each trait or for all of them simultaneously. In that case, it would be necessary to determine the importance of the trait in relation to growth phase, drought timing and level, as well as its associations with morphological traits contributing to drought tolerance. The obtained values of the correlation coefficient between laboratory tests suggest that the same physiological traits may be applied as selection criteria in drought tolerance of maize and triticale genotypes.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Maize and triticale seedlings showed genetic variation across growth and physiological traits.
- Outcome
- genetic variation in dry matter accumulation of shoots and rootse0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the results demonstrated a genetic variation in dry matter accumulation of shoots and roots (DWS, DWR), number (N) and length (L) of particular components (seminal, seminal adventitious, nodal) of the root system, membrane injury by soil drought (LID), osmotic and high temperature stress (LIOS, LIHT), water potential (ψ), water loss (WL), grain germination in osmotic stress (FG, PI), and seedling survival (SS)”
t0“maize and triticale genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Moderate soil drought decreased shoot and root dry matter in seedlings.
- Treatment
- moderate soil droughte0
- Outcome
- dry matter of the top parts and rootse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- control conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seedlings grown under moderate soil drought showed a decrease in dry matter of the top parts and roots and a decrease in the length of seminal, seminal adventitious and nodal roots in comparison to seedlings grown in control conditions”
t0“maize and triticale genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Moderate soil drought decreased seminal, seminal adventitious and nodal root length.
- Taxon
- triticale
×Triticosecalet0 - Treatment
- moderate soil droughte0
- Outcome
- length of seminal, seminal adventitious and nodal rootse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- control conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seedlings grown under moderate soil drought showed a decrease in dry matter of the top parts and roots and a decrease in the length of seminal, seminal adventitious and nodal roots in comparison to seedlings grown in control conditions”
t0“maize and triticale genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought effects were more distinct in drought-sensitive genotypes.
- Material
- drought sensitive genotypese0
- Outcome
- harmful effects of drought stresse0
- Direction
- more distincte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The observed harmful effects of drought stress were more distinct in drought sensitive genotypes”
t0“maize and triticale genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize drought susceptibility indices ranged from 0.381 to 0.650.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The variation of DSIGY for maize ranges from 0.381 to 0.650 and for triticale from 0.354 to 0.578”
Claim · model-written summary
Triticale drought susceptibility indices ranged from 0.354 to 0.578.
- Taxon
- triticale×Triticosecalee0
- Outcome
- DSIGYe0
- Value
- 0.354 to 0.578e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The variation of DSIGY for maize ranges from 0.381 to 0.650 and for triticale from 0.354 to 0.578”
Claim · model-written summary
Laboratory LI, FG and SS tests correlated with DSIGY and indicated drought tolerance.
- Outcome
- good indicators of drought tolerancee0
- Qualifier
- correlations between DSIGY and laboratory tests (LI, FG, SS)e0
- Comparator
- DSIGYe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The correlations between DSIGY and laboratory tests (LI, FG, SS) confirmed that they are good indicators of drought tolerance in plants”
t0“maize and triticale genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Genetic variation was highest in LI, DWS, SS and WL.
- Outcome
- highest values of genetic variation were observed in LI, DWS, SS and WLe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest values of genetic variation were observed in LI, DWS, SS and WL and the lowest in the measurements of ψ FG, PI, LS, LSA and LN”
t0“maize and triticale genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Genetic variation was lowest in ψ, FG, PI, LS, LSA and LN.
- Taxon
- triticale×Triticosecalet0
- Outcome
- lowest in the measurements of ψ FG, PI, LS, LSA and LNe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest values of genetic variation were observed in LI, DWS, SS and WL and the lowest in the measurements of ψ FG, PI, LS, LSA and LN”
t0“maize and triticale genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
LIOS and LIHT were significantly correlated in most cases.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The correlation coefficients between LIOS and LIHT tests were, in most of the considered cases, statistically significant”
t0“maize and triticale genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend using the tests in maize and triticale drought-tolerance breeding with trait selection separately or jointly.
- Outcome
- separate selection for each trait or for all of them simultaneouslye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an approach to the breeding of maize and triticale for drought tolerance using these tests can be implemented on the basis of separate selection for each trait or for all of them simultaneously”
The same questions in other papers
drought · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
307 papers in the same direction as this paper · 77 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
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