Abstract
The remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil using plants is a technology worth developing. However, the overall effect of phytoremediation in high-density Pb polluted sites remains unknown. Especially, little information is available about the effects of using plants to control lead polluted leachate. Thus, we investigated the control of leachate in a box-scale phytoremediation test using common buckwheat, a Pb hyperaccumulator, grown on Pb contaminated soil. In the presence of buckwheat, the change in volumetric water content was smaller than that of the control with rainfall. The total amount of Pb in the leachate strongly correlated with the amount of leachate and the decrease in the density of Pb in the leachate. During the cultivation period, the total amount of Pb leached in the control was 1.28mg per container, while in the presence of buckwheat the total amount of Pb was approximately 22.7% of the control. Moreover, with buckwheat cultivation, Pb polluted leachate resulting from rainwater was prevented. The results suggested that buckwheat was a Pb hyperaccumulator and also had a high ability for phytostabilization. Control of Pb polluted leachate using buckwheat was shown to be a phytoremediation technology applicable to heavily Pb contaminated sites.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
With buckwheat present, the change in volumetric water content was smaller than in the rainfall control.
- Taxon
- common buckwheat
Fagopyrum esculentume0 - Treatment
- presence of buckwheate1
- Outcome
- volumetric water contente1
- Direction
- smallere1
- Comparator
- control with rainfalle1
- Setting
- box-scalee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“box-scale phytoremediation test using common buckwheat”
e1“In the presence of buckwheat, the change in volumetric water content was smaller than that of the control with rainfall”
Claim · model-written summary
The total amount of Pb in the leachate was positively correlated with the amount of leachate.
- Taxon
- common buckwheatFagopyrum esculentume0
- Outcome
- total amount of Pb in the leachatee2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
- Setting
- box-scalee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“box-scale phytoremediation test using common buckwheat”
e2“The total amount of Pb in the leachate strongly correlated with the amount of leachate and the decrease in the density of Pb in the leachate”
Claim · model-written summary
With buckwheat present, the total amount of Pb leached was about 22.7% of the control (1.28 mg per container in the control).
- Taxon
- common buckwheatFagopyrum esculentume0
- Treatment
- presence of buckwheate3
- Outcome
- total amount of Pbe3
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede3
- Value
- 22.7%e3
- Qualifier
- 1.28mg per containere3
- Comparator
- the controle3
- Setting
- box-scalee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“box-scale phytoremediation test using common buckwheat”
e3“During the cultivation period, the total amount of Pb leached in the control was 1.28mg per container, while in the presence of buckwheat the total amount of Pb was approximately 22.7% of the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Buckwheat cultivation prevented Pb-polluted leachate resulting from rainwater.
- Taxon
- common buckwheatFagopyrum esculentume0
- Treatment
- buckwheat cultivatione4
- Outcome
- Pb polluted leachatee4
- Direction
- preventede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“box-scale phytoremediation test using common buckwheat”
e4“Moreover, with buckwheat cultivation, Pb polluted leachate resulting from rainwater was prevented”
Claim · model-written summary
Common buckwheat was a Pb hyperaccumulator.
- Taxon
- common buckwheatFagopyrum esculentume0
- Outcome
- Pb hyperaccumulatore5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“box-scale phytoremediation test using common buckwheat”
e5“buckwheat was a Pb hyperaccumulator and also had a high ability for phytostabilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Common buckwheat had a high ability for phytostabilization.
- Taxon
- common buckwheatFagopyrum esculentume0
- Outcome
- ability for phytostabilizatione5
- Qualifier
- highe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“box-scale phytoremediation test using common buckwheat”
e5“buckwheat was a Pb hyperaccumulator and also had a high ability for phytostabilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Buckwheat-based control of Pb-polluted leachate was shown to be a phytoremediation technology applicable to heavily Pb-contaminated sites.
- Taxon
- common buckwheatFagopyrum esculentume0
- Outcome
- a phytoremediation technology applicable to heavily Pb contaminated sitese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“box-scale phytoremediation test using common buckwheat”
e6“Control of Pb polluted leachate using buckwheat was shown to be a phytoremediation technology applicable to heavily Pb contaminated sites”