Abstract
Abstract The effects of 50 Gy γ‐irradiation 30 days after harvest on γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase (GTP) activity (the first enzyme in the catabolism of γ‐glutamyl peptides) of garlic bulbs cv ‘Red’ during storage for 300 days were evaluated. GTP activity was determined by spectrophotometry using γ‐glutamyl‐ p ‐nitroanilide as exogenous substrate, and was correlated with parameters related to the metabolic‐respiratory activity, such as sprouting index in control bulbs, and cumulative weight losses (CWL) and non‐enzymic or control pyruvate (CP; metabolite of the respiratory chain) in irradiated and control bulbs. GTP activity was also correlated with flavour parameters, such as enzymic pyruvate (EP; metabolite of the reaction of alliinase and sulphur amino acids in crushed garlic) and primary sulphur compounds. From these results, three storage stages are suggested: (i) the internal dormancy period, (ii) the first post‐dormant stage, and (iii) the second post‐dormant stage. During the first 90 days of storage (first stage) all the parameters remained nearly constant in the controls, while GTP activity and CP content increased in irradiated garlic because of radioinduced metabolic‐respiratory activation. From 90 to 180 days of storage (second stage) the correlation between the increases of GTP and EP in irradiated garlic and controls was due to the action of GTP on γ‐glutamyl peptides that finally released substrates of alliinase. Both enzymes increased EP contact, which was higher in irradiated garlic (major flavour enhancement) than in controls. After 180 days of storage (third stage) EP and primary sulphur compounds decreased in irradiated garlic and in the controls, while GTP, CWL and CP kept increasing in both samples with lower rates of increase in irradiated garlic. These increases were related to metabolic activation, reserve exhaustion and finally rotting. Therefore, irradiated garlic was of better quality at the end of storage.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
GTP activity and cumulative CP content increased in irradiated garlic while controls stayed nearly constant during the first 90 days of storage.
- Taxon
- garlic
Allium sativumt0 - Treatment
- irradiatede1
- Outcome
- GTP activity and CP contente1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- first 90 days of storagee1
- Comparator
- controlse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Activity of Garlic Bulbs”
e1“During the first 90 days of storage (first stage) all the parameters remained nearly constant in the controls, while GTP activity and CP content increased in irradiated garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
EP contact was higher in irradiated garlic than in controls, a major flavour enhancement.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativumt0
- Treatment
- irradiatede3
- Outcome
- EP contacte3
- Direction
- highere3
- Qualifier
- major flavour enhancemente3
- Comparator
- controlse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Activity of Garlic Bulbs”
e3“Both enzymes increased EP contact, which was higher in irradiated garlic (major flavour enhancement) than in controls”
Claim · model-written summary
The increases of GTP and EP were correlated in irradiated and control garlic from 90 to 180 days of storage.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativumt0
- Treatment
- irradiated garlice2
- Outcome
- increases of GTP and EPe2
- Direction
- increasese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Activity of Garlic Bulbs”
e2“the correlation between the increases of GTP and EP in irradiated garlic and controls”
Claim · model-written summary
EP and primary sulphur compounds decreased after 180 days of storage in irradiated garlic and controls.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativumt0
- Treatment
- irradiatede4
- Outcome
- EP and primary sulphur compoundse4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Qualifier
- After 180 days of storagee4
- Comparator
- controlse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Activity of Garlic Bulbs”
e4“After 180 days of storage (third stage) EP and primary sulphur compounds decreased in irradiated garlic and in the controls”
Claim · model-written summary
GTP, CWL and CP kept increasing in both samples, with lower rates of increase in irradiated garlic.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativumt0
- Treatment
- irradiated garlice5
- Outcome
- GTP, CWL and CPe5
- Direction
- lower rates of increasee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Activity of Garlic Bulbs”
e5“while GTP, CWL and CP kept increasing in both samples with lower rates of increase in irradiated garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiated garlic was of better quality at the end of storage.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativumt0
- Treatment
- irradiated garlice6
- Outcome
- quality at the end of storagee6
- Direction
- bettere6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Activity of Garlic Bulbs”
e6“irradiated garlic was of better quality at the end of storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Three storage stages are suggested: internal dormancy, and first and second post-dormant stages.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativumt0
- Outcome
- three storage stagese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Activity of Garlic Bulbs”
e7“From these results, three storage stages are suggested”
The same questions in other papers
radiation · molecular: metabolites · Allium sativum (garlic)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →radiation · quality: general · Allium sativum (garlic)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.