Abstract
Direct and interacting effects of four seasons of uncontrolled citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor), populations with 36 other combinations of grove management practices were examined to seek the existence of long-tenn deleterious consequences of not controlling mite populations on ‘Navel’ orange, Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck. Results from the first 2 yr were published previously. In the 3rd and 4th yr, P. citri populations reached mean peak densities of 7.1 and 2.2 adult female P. citri per leaf at one site and 9.7 adult females per leaf at a second site on trees where effective acaricides were withheld. These populations caused yield reductions of 9, 6.6, and 11.4%, respectively. Simultaneous increases in average fruit size of 2.3 and 2.1% were observed at the first site but not the second. Effects were confined to the season of differential acaricide application and did not carryover into subsequent seasons. Total yield increased with increasing fertilization level in the third and fourth year, as in the first 2 yr. Average fruit size decreased with increasing fertilization level in the third year but not the fourth. Fungicide-nematicide treatments increased total yield and fruit size in both the 3rd and 4th yr. Growth regulator treatments did not significantly affect total yield either year and caused a slight (1.0%) reduction in fruit size in the fourth year. Differential irrigation did not have a consistent, significant effect on total yield, but fruit size consistently increased significantly with increasing irrigation at both sites. Yield reductions from high P. citri populations were greater on nitrogen-stressed trees (16-18%) than on trees that were fertilized conventionally (1-6%) or excessively (0-4%). Total yield and average fruit size did not differ consistently because of any other interactions between effective P. citri treatments and other cultural practices. Marketing conditions continued to favor large fruit; thus, increases in average fruit size on trees where P. citri populations were not effectively suppressed continued to be at least a compensating, if not beneficial, consequence of withholding acaricide applications.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Uncontrolled P. citri populations reduced orange yield by 9, 6.6, and 11.4%.
- Taxon
- Oranget0
- Treatment
- These populationse0
- Interactor
- Citrus Red MitePanonychus citrit0pest
- Outcome
- yield reductionse0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 9, 6.6, and 11.4%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“These populations caused yield reductions of 9, 6.6, and 11.4%, respectively.”
t0“Effect of Citrus Red Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Cultural Practices on Total Yield, Fruit Size, and Crop Value of ‘Navel’ Orange: Years 3 and 4”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit size increased by 2.3 and 2.1% at the first site under mite exposure.
- Taxon
- Oranget0
- Interactor
- Citrus Red MitePanonychus citrit0pest
- Outcome
- average fruit sizee0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 2.3 and 2.1%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Verbatim
e0“Simultaneous increases in average fruit size of 2.3 and 2.1% were observed at the first site but not the second.”
t0“Effect of Citrus Red Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Cultural Practices on Total Yield, Fruit Size, and Crop Value of ‘Navel’ Orange: Years 3 and 4”
Claim · model-written summary
The effects did not persist into later seasons.
Verbatim
e0“Effects were confined to the season of differential acaricide application and did not carryover into subsequent seasons.”
t0“Effect of Citrus Red Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Cultural Practices on Total Yield, Fruit Size, and Crop Value of ‘Navel’ Orange: Years 3 and 4”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher fertilization increased total yield in years three and four.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Total yield increased with increasing fertilization level in the third and fourth year, as in the first 2 yr.”
t0“Effect of Citrus Red Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Cultural Practices on Total Yield, Fruit Size, and Crop Value of ‘Navel’ Orange: Years 3 and 4”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher fertilization decreased average fruit size in year three but not year four.
- Taxon
- Oranget0
- Treatment
- increasing fertilization levele0
- Outcome
- Average fruit sizee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Average fruit size decreased with increasing fertilization level in the third year but not the fourth.”
t0“Effect of Citrus Red Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Cultural Practices on Total Yield, Fruit Size, and Crop Value of ‘Navel’ Orange: Years 3 and 4”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicide-nematicide treatments increased total yield and fruit size in years three and four.
- Taxon
- Oranget0
- Treatment
- Fungicide-nematicide treatmentse0
- Outcome
- total yield and fruit sizee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Fungicide-nematicide treatments increased total yield and fruit size in both the 3rd and 4th yr.”
t0“Effect of Citrus Red Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Cultural Practices on Total Yield, Fruit Size, and Crop Value of ‘Navel’ Orange: Years 3 and 4”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth regulators did not significantly affect total yield.
- Taxon
- Oranget0
- Treatment
- Growth regulator treatmentse0
- Outcome
- total yielde0
- Direction
- did not significantly affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Growth regulator treatments did not significantly affect total yield either year and caused a slight (1.0%) reduction in fruit size in the fourth year.”
t0“Effect of Citrus Red Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Cultural Practices on Total Yield, Fruit Size, and Crop Value of ‘Navel’ Orange: Years 3 and 4”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth regulators reduced fruit size by 1.0% in year four.
- Taxon
- Oranget0
- Treatment
- Growth regulator treatmentse0
- Outcome
- fruit sizee0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 1.0%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Growth regulator treatments did not significantly affect total yield either year and caused a slight (1.0%) reduction in fruit size in the fourth year.”
t0“Effect of Citrus Red Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Cultural Practices on Total Yield, Fruit Size, and Crop Value of ‘Navel’ Orange: Years 3 and 4”
Claim · model-written summary
Differential irrigation had no consistent significant effect on yield.
- Taxon
- Oranget0
- Treatment
- Differential irrigatione0
- Outcome
- total yielde0
- Direction
- did not have a consistent, significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Differential irrigation did not have a consistent, significant effect on total yield, but fruit size consistently increased significantly with increasing irrigation at both sites.”
t0“Effect of Citrus Red Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Cultural Practices on Total Yield, Fruit Size, and Crop Value of ‘Navel’ Orange: Years 3 and 4”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing irrigation significantly increased fruit size at both sites.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Differential irrigation did not have a consistent, significant effect on total yield, but fruit size consistently increased significantly with increasing irrigation at both sites.”
t0“Effect of Citrus Red Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Cultural Practices on Total Yield, Fruit Size, and Crop Value of ‘Navel’ Orange: Years 3 and 4”
Claim · model-written summary
Mite-related yield losses were greater on nitrogen-stressed than conventionally or excessively fertilized trees.
Verbatim
e0“Yield reductions from high P. citri populations were greater on nitrogen-stressed trees (16-18%) than on trees that were fertilized conventionally (1-6%) or excessively (0-4%).”
t0“Effect of Citrus Red Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Cultural Practices on Total Yield, Fruit Size, and Crop Value of ‘Navel’ Orange: Years 3 and 4”
Claim · model-written summary
Other mite-treatment interactions did not consistently change total yield or fruit size.
Verbatim
e0“Total yield and average fruit size did not differ consistently because of any other interactions between effective P. citri treatments and other cultural practices.”
t0“Effect of Citrus Red Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Cultural Practices on Total Yield, Fruit Size, and Crop Value of ‘Navel’ Orange: Years 3 and 4”
Claim · model-written summary
Larger fruit under unsuppressed mite populations at least compensated for yield losses under the stated marketing conditions.
- Taxon
- Oranget0
- Interactor
- P. citriPanonychus citrie0pest
- Outcome
- compensating, if not beneficial, consequencee0
Verbatim
e0“Marketing conditions continued to favor large fruit; thus, increases in average fruit size on trees where P. citri populations were not effectively suppressed continued to be at least a compensating, if not beneficial, consequence of withholding acaricide applications.”
t0“Effect of Citrus Red Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Cultural Practices on Total Yield, Fruit Size, and Crop Value of ‘Navel’ Orange: Years 3 and 4”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.