Abstract
Miscanthus × giganteus Greef and Deuter ex Hodkinson and Renvoize is a perennial C4 grass being studied as a potential bioenergy feedstock in the United States. It is a triploid, sterile hybrid with high biomass potential. Adoption of a perennial crop is likely to be met with skepticism unless methods of controlling the crop are established. Proposed methods of controlling M. × giganteus typically require at least one full growing season, thus excluding the possibility for revenue from the field for a year. An experiment was conducted from 2007 to 2010 to examine the feasibility of controlling M. × giganteus by planting glyphosate‐resistant soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] followed by glyphosate‐resistant corn ( Zea mays L.) directly into a mature (4‐yr old) field of M. × giganteus with typical agronomic practices without significant crop yield loss. Results showed that soybean yields were not significantly reduced with two sequential glyphosate ( N ‐(phosphonomethyl)glycine) in‐crop applications compared with a weed‐free control, but were generally reduced with one glyphosate application (6.2 and 14.0%, respectively). Corn yields also were not significantly reduced with two sequential glyphosate applications, but were generally reduced with one glyphosate application (0.3 and 7.0%, respectively). Miscanthus × giganteus shoot numbers were reduced by as much as 85.8 and 94.3% over the course of the experiment in plots receiving one and two glyphosate applications per season, respectively. Complete control, however, was not achieved indicating treatments will likely need to be employed for more than two growing seasons to completely control M. × giganteus .
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean yield with two glyphosate applications was not significantly reduced against weed-free control.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- two sequential glyphosate ( N ‐(phosphonomethyl)glycine) in‐crop applicationse0
- Outcome
- soybean yieldse0
- Direction
- not significantly reducede0
- Comparator
- weed‐free controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybean yields were not significantly reduced with two sequential glyphosate ( N ‐(phosphonomethyl)glycine) in‐crop applications compared with a weed‐free control”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean yield was generally reduced with one glyphosate application by 14.0%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- one glyphosate applicatione0
- Outcome
- reducede0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 14.0%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but were generally reduced with one glyphosate application (6.2 and 14.0%, respectively).”
t0“glyphosate‐resistant soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn yield with two glyphosate applications was not significantly reduced.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- two sequential glyphosate applicationse0
- Outcome
- Corn yieldse0
- Direction
- not significantly reducede0
- Value
- 0.3e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn yields also were not significantly reduced with two sequential glyphosate applications, but were generally reduced with one glyphosate application (0.3 and 7.0%, respectively).”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn yield with one glyphosate application was generally reduced by 7.0%.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- one glyphosate applicatione0
- Outcome
- Corn yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 7.0%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn yields also were not significantly reduced with two sequential glyphosate applications, but were generally reduced with one glyphosate application (0.3 and 7.0%, respectively).”
Claim · model-written summary
Miscanthus shoot numbers fell by as much as 85.8 under one glyphosate applications per season.
- Taxon
- Miscanthus × giganteus
Miscanthus ×giganteuse0 - Treatment
- onee0
- Outcome
- Miscanthus × giganteus shoot numberse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 85.8e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Miscanthus × giganteus shoot numbers were reduced by as much as 85.8 and 94.3% over the course of the experiment in plots receiving one and two glyphosate applications per season, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Miscanthus shoot numbers fell by as much as 94.3% under two glyphosate applications per season.
- Taxon
- Miscanthus × giganteusMiscanthus ×giganteuse0
- Treatment
- twoe0
- Outcome
- Miscanthus × giganteus shoot numberse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 94.3%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Miscanthus × giganteus shoot numbers were reduced by as much as 85.8 and 94.3% over the course of the experiment in plots receiving one and two glyphosate applications per season, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Complete Miscanthus control was not achieved.
- Taxon
- M. × giganteusMiscanthus ×giganteuse0
- Outcome
- Complete controle0
- Direction
- not achievede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Complete control, however, was not achieved indicating treatments will likely need to be employed for more than two growing seasons to completely control M. × giganteus .”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude treatments will likely need more than two growing seasons for complete Miscanthus control.
- Taxon
- M. × giganteusMiscanthus ×giganteuse0
- Outcome
- treatments will likely need to be employed for more than two growing seasonse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Complete control, however, was not achieved indicating treatments will likely need to be employed for more than two growing seasons to completely control M. × giganteus .”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
34 papers in the same direction as this paper · 42 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
73 papers more in this group
See all 77 papers →glyphosate · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
67 papers in the same direction as this paper · 55 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
119 papers more in this group
See all 123 papers →glycine · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.