Abstract
Abstract Knowledge of grain yield responses to simulated hail damage is useful in assessing hail damage, assessing similar types of damage, and better understanding crop biology. In previous experiments, we determined that reproductive stages of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) development were most sensitive to damage. Objectives of this study were to delineate grain yield effects of simulated hail damage during critical reproductive growth stages at which various components of yield are set. Field experiments were conducted on a Crowley silt loam soil (fine, montmorillonitic, thermic Typic Albaqualfs) in 1985 and 1986 using the cultivar Lebonnet. At four reproductive growth stages, yield loss was determined from these three treatments: (i) removal of the top 1, 2, and 3 fully expanded leaves, (ii) bending of 10, 20, or 40% of culms, and (iii) severing of 10, 20, or 40% of culms. All three types of damage were significant at some level of intensity at all four growth stages. The largest yield reductions resulted from leaf removal. Leaf removal resulted in the greatest amount of yield reduction at booting and heading, with less damage from leaf removal 14 d after heading and least damage from leaf removal at panicle initiation (PI). Yields were reduced as more leaves were removed. Culm severing caused less yield reduction than leaf removal and the least yield reductions resulted from culm bending. Culm severing was progressively more damaging to yield as the rice developed through the season and reductions were similar to those found for leaf removal at 14 d after heading. Culm bending was found to be significantly damaging to yield except at the 10% treatment levels at heading and 14 d after heading. Despite apparently extreme damage treatments, rice yields were reduced by <15% in response to most of the treatments imposed. Consequently, the rice crop has considerable ability to compensate for physical damage due in part to the unique biology of the rice plant.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf removal caused larger rice yield reductions than culm severing.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- leaf removale2
- Outcome
- yield reductionse2
- Direction
- largeste2
- Comparator
- Culm severinge3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The largest yield reductions resulted from leaf removal”
e3“Culm severing caused less yield reduction than leaf removal”
t0“Simulated Hail Damage to Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf removal at booting and heading caused the greatest rice yield reduction.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- booting and headinge4
- Treatment
- Leaf removale4
- Outcome
- yield reductione4
- Direction
- greatest amounte4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Leaf removal resulted in the greatest amount of yield reduction at booting and heading”
t0“Simulated Hail Damage to Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf removal at panicle initiation caused the least damage in rice.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- panicle initiation (PI)e5
- Treatment
- leaf removale5
- Outcome
- damagee5
- Direction
- leaste5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“least damage from leaf removal at panicle initiation (PI)”
t0“Simulated Hail Damage to Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice yields decreased as more leaves were removed.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- more leaves were removede6
- Outcome
- Yieldse6
- Direction
- reducede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Yields were reduced as more leaves were removed”
t0“Simulated Hail Damage to Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Culm severing became progressively more damaging to rice yield as the crop developed through the season.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Culm severinge7
- Outcome
- yielde7
- Direction
- more damaginge7
- Qualifier
- as the rice developed through the seasone7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Culm severing was progressively more damaging to yield as the rice developed through the season”
t0“Simulated Hail Damage to Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Culm bending significantly reduced rice yield, except at the 10% level at heading and 14 d after heading.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Culm bendinge5
- Outcome
- yielde5
- Direction
- significantly damaginge5
- Qualifier
- except at the 10% treatment levels at heading and 14 d after headinge5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Culm bending was found to be significantly damaging to yield except at the 10% treatment levels at heading and 14 d after heading”
t0“Simulated Hail Damage to Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice yields were reduced by less than 15% under most of the damage treatments.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- most of the treatments imposede5
- Outcome
- rice yieldse5
- Direction
- reducede5
- Value
- <15%e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Despite apparently extreme damage treatments, rice yields were reduced by <15% in response to most of the treatments imposed”
t0“Simulated Hail Damage to Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The rice crop has considerable ability to compensate for physical damage, due in part to the unique biology of the rice plant.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- ability to compensate for physical damagee5
- Qualifier
- due in part to the unique biology of the rice plante5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“the rice crop has considerable ability to compensate for physical damage due in part to the unique biology of the rice plant”
t0“Simulated Hail Damage to Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
All three types of damage significantly affected rice grain yield at some intensity at all four growth stages.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- three types of damagee1
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Knowledge of grain yield responses to simulated hail damage is useful”
e1“All three types of damage were significant at some level of intensity at all four growth stages”
t0“Simulated Hail Damage to Rice”
The same questions in other papers
pruning · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
31 papers in the same direction as this paper · 29 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
57 papers more in this group
See all 61 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.