Paper · 1997 · Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A Environmental Science and Engineering and Toxicology

Effects of using organic wastes as soil amendments in urban horticultural practices in the district of Columbia

Collin C. Weir; James R. Allen

6
claims
15
verbatim quotes
8
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Abstract The yields of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) and mustard (Brassica juncea) plants, grown on a low‐pH, compacted silt‐loam soil, were generally significantly higher in plots treated with composted sewage sludge and composted yard wastes, than in plots receiving applications of commercial N‐P‐K fertilizer. The results of chemical and physical soil analyses indicated that apart from ameliorating the poor physical properties of the compacted soil, additions of the composted organic amendments significantly increased soil pH, organic matter content, and the available supplies of phosphate and magnesium in the soil. Chemical analyses of the edible portions of the plants for the uptake of heavy trace metals, such as lead and cadmium, indicated that the levels of these trace elements in the plants were not high enough to warrant any health concerns, and the levels were well within the acceptable ranges established by other researchers. Key words: urban gardenlimecompostmustardsludgeyardwastemetal

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 6

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Tomato yield was generally significantly higher with composted sewage sludge and composted yard wastes than with commercial N-P-K fertilizer.

Treatment
composted sewage sludge and composted yard wastese1
Outcome
yieldse0
Direction
highere1
Qualifier
generallye1
Comparator
commercial N‐P‐K fertilizere1
Setting
district of Columbiat0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The yields of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) and mustard (Brassica juncea) plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–92 · show in text ↑
e1

“were generally significantly higher in plots treated with composted sewage sludge and composted yard wastes, than in plots receiving applications of commercial N‐P‐K fertilizer”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 139–315 · show in text ↑
t0

“in the district of Columbia”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–111 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Mustard yield was generally significantly higher with composted sewage sludge and composted yard wastes than with commercial N-P-K fertilizer.

Taxon
mustarde0
Treatment
composted sewage sludge and composted yard wastese1
Outcome
yieldse0
Direction
highere1
Qualifier
generallye1
Comparator
commercial N‐P‐K fertilizere1
Setting
district of Columbiat0

Verbatim

e0

“The yields of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) and mustard (Brassica juncea) plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–92 · show in text ↑
e1

“were generally significantly higher in plots treated with composted sewage sludge and composted yard wastes, than in plots receiving applications of commercial N‐P‐K fertilizer”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 139–315 · show in text ↑
t0

“in the district of Columbia”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–111 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Composted organic amendments significantly increased soil pH and organic matter content.

Treatment
composted organic amendmentse2
Outcome
soil pH, organic matter contente2
Direction
increasede2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The yields of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) and mustard (Brassica juncea) plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–92 · show in text ↑
e2

“additions of the composted organic amendments significantly increased soil pH, organic matter content”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 459–560 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Composted organic amendments significantly increased the available supplies of phosphate and magnesium in soil.

Treatment
composted organic amendmentse2
Outcome
the available supplies of phosphate and magnesiume3
Direction
increasede2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The yields of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) and mustard (Brassica juncea) plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–92 · show in text ↑
e2

“additions of the composted organic amendments significantly increased soil pH, organic matter content”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 459–560 · show in text ↑
e3

“the available supplies of phosphate and magnesium in the soil”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 566–627 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tomato edible portions contained lead and cadmium at levels not high enough to warrant health concerns.

Outcome
uptake of heavy trace metalse4
Qualifier
the levels of these trace elements in the plants were not high enough to warrant any health concernse4

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The yields of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) and mustard (Brassica juncea) plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–92 · show in text ↑
e4

“Chemical analyses of the edible portions of the plants for the uptake of heavy trace metals, such as lead and cadmium, indicated that the levels of these trace elements in the plants were not high enough to warrant any health concerns”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 629–863 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mustard edible portions contained lead and cadmium at levels not high enough to warrant health concerns.

Taxon
mustarde0
Outcome
uptake of heavy trace metalse4
Qualifier
the levels of these trace elements in the plants were not high enough to warrant any health concernse4

Verbatim

e0

“The yields of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) and mustard (Brassica juncea) plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–92 · show in text ↑
e4

“Chemical analyses of the edible portions of the plants for the uptake of heavy trace metals, such as lead and cadmium, indicated that the levels of these trace elements in the plants were not high enough to warrant any health concerns”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 629–863 · show in text ↑

organic · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ

59 papers: 53 positive, 6 negative or no effect

52 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

55 papers more in this group

See all 59 papers →

organic · soil: chemistry · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

8 papers: 6 positive, 2 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. positive

4 papers more in this group

See all 8 papers →

organic · molecular: metabolites · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

12 papers: 10 positive, 2 negative or no effect

9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. positive

8 papers more in this group

See all 12 papers →

fertilization · soil: chemistry · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

76 papers: 62 positive, 14 negative or no effect

61 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

72 papers more in this group

See all 76 papers →

fertilization · molecular: metabolites · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

127 papers: 107 positive, 20 negative or no effect

106 papers in the same direction as this paper · 19 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

123 papers more in this group

See all 127 papers →

fertilization · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

978 papers: 850 positive, 128 negative or no effect

849 papers in the same direction as this paper · 104 in the opposite direction · 24 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

974 papers more in this group

See all 978 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.