Abstract
The effect of skeleton weed competition on the yield of wheat and oats was investigated in seasons when rainfall was plentiful. Nitrogen was found to be the major factor limiting crop yields. In soils with comparable nitrogen-supplying powers, skeleton weed density governed the crop's response to applied nitrogen. Competition between skeleton weed and crop was severe at low nitrogen levels, but minor at the high nitrogen levels achieved either by nitrogen application, or when the crop followed a legume-rich pasture. Competition had its effect early in the crop's growth. Temporary removal of competition, by spraying with plant growth regulating substances (JICPA) at different times, was used to determine when competition was critical, and measure its effects. Skeleton weed reduced nitrogen supply early in the crop's growth, and so depressed yield. An application of 1 lb MCPA per acre in the fallow 54 days before sowing, or 10 days after crop emergence, increased the yield of oats from 710 to 1350 lb grain per acre: a response equal to that from 32 lb nitrogen per acre applied at planting in the same experiment. In each case, the response to spraying at the different times was analogous to the effect of a nitrogen application at these times. Early spraying gave responses in yield; later spraying gave responses in grain nitrogen. The results provide a new estimate of the reduction in crop yield due to skeleton weed.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen was the major factor limiting yields of wheat and oats
- Taxon
- wheat and oats
Avena sativa
Triticum aestivume0 - Outcome
- crop yieldse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of skeleton weed competition on the yield of wheat and oats was investigated in seasons when rainfall was plentiful”
e1“Nitrogen was found to be the major factor limiting crop yields”
Claim · model-written summary
In soils with comparable nitrogen supply, skeleton weed density governed the crop response to applied nitrogen
- Taxon
- wheat and oatsAvena sativaTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- applied nitrogene2
- Interactor
- skeleton weede2weed
- Outcome
- crop's response to applied nitrogene2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of skeleton weed competition on the yield of wheat and oats was investigated in seasons when rainfall was plentiful”
e2“In soils with comparable nitrogen-supplying powers, skeleton weed density governed the crop's response to applied nitrogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Competition from skeleton weed was severe at low nitrogen levels and minor at high nitrogen levels
- Taxon
- wheat and oatsAvena sativaTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- low nitrogen levelse3
- Interactor
- skeleton weede3weed
- Outcome
- competition between skeleton weed and crope3
- Direction
- severee3
- Comparator
- high nitrogen levelse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of skeleton weed competition on the yield of wheat and oats was investigated in seasons when rainfall was plentiful”
e3“Competition between skeleton weed and crop was severe at low nitrogen levels, but minor at the high nitrogen levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Competition had its effect early in the crop growth
- Taxon
- wheat and oatsAvena sativaTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- Competition had its effecte4
- Qualifier
- early in the crop's growthe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of skeleton weed competition on the yield of wheat and oats was investigated in seasons when rainfall was plentiful”
e4“Competition had its effect early in the crop's growth”
Claim · model-written summary
One MCPA application in the fallow or after crop emergence increased oat yield from 710 to 1350 lb grain per acre
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativae5
- Treatment
- 1 lb MCPA per acree5
- Outcome
- yield of oatse5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- 710 to 1350 lb grain per acree5
- Qualifier
- 54 days before sowing, or 10 days after crop emergencee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“An application of 1 lb MCPA per acre in the fallow 54 days before sowing, or 10 days after crop emergence, increased the yield of oats from 710 to 1350 lb grain per acre”
Claim · model-written summary
The MCPA spraying response on oats was equal to that from 32 lb N per acre applied at planting
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativae5
- Treatment
- 1 lb MCPA per acree5
- Outcome
- responsee6
- Direction
- equale6
- Comparator
- 32 lb nitrogen per acre applied at plantinge6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“An application of 1 lb MCPA per acre in the fallow 54 days before sowing, or 10 days after crop emergence, increased the yield of oats from 710 to 1350 lb grain per acre”
e6“a response equal to that from 32 lb nitrogen per acre applied at planting in the same experiment”
Claim · model-written summary
Early spraying gave yield responses in wheat and oats
- Taxon
- wheat and oatsAvena sativaTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Early sprayinge6
- Outcome
- yielde6
- Direction
- increaseinferrede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of skeleton weed competition on the yield of wheat and oats was investigated in seasons when rainfall was plentiful”
e6“Early spraying gave responses in yield; later spraying gave responses in grain nitrogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Later spraying gave responses in grain nitrogen in wheat and oats
- Taxon
- wheat and oatsAvena sativaTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- later sprayinge6
- Outcome
- grain nitrogene6
- Direction
- increaseinferrede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of skeleton weed competition on the yield of wheat and oats was investigated in seasons when rainfall was plentiful”
e6“Early spraying gave responses in yield; later spraying gave responses in grain nitrogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Skeleton weed reduced nitrogen supply early in crop growth
- Taxon
- wheat and oatsAvena sativaTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- Skeleton weede7weed
- Outcome
- nitrogen supplye7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Qualifier
- early in the crop's growthe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of skeleton weed competition on the yield of wheat and oats was investigated in seasons when rainfall was plentiful”
e7“Skeleton weed reduced nitrogen supply early in the crop's growth, and so depressed yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Skeleton weed depressed crop yield
- Taxon
- wheat and oatsAvena sativaTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- Skeleton weede7weed
- Outcome
- yielde7
- Direction
- depressede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of skeleton weed competition on the yield of wheat and oats was investigated in seasons when rainfall was plentiful”
e7“Skeleton weed reduced nitrogen supply early in the crop's growth, and so depressed yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The study gives a new estimate of crop yield reduction due to skeleton weed
- Taxon
- wheat and oatsAvena sativaTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- skeleton weede6weed
- Outcome
- reduction in crop yielde6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of skeleton weed competition on the yield of wheat and oats was investigated in seasons when rainfall was plentiful”
e6“The results provide a new estimate of the reduction in crop yield due to skeleton weed”
Claim · model-written summary
Response to spraying at different times was analogous to the effect of a nitrogen application at those times
- Taxon
- wheat and oatsAvena sativaTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- sprayinge6
- Outcome
- responsee6
- Direction
- analogouse6
- Comparator
- a nitrogen applicatione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of skeleton weed competition on the yield of wheat and oats was investigated in seasons when rainfall was plentiful”
e6“In each case, the response to spraying at the different times was analogous to the effect of a nitrogen application at these times”
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See all 41 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.