Abstract
Abstract A double‐emitter source (DES) irrigation system was designed, using trickle instead of sprinkler irrigation. Two trickle laterals and their emitters connected to two tanks of stock solutions are coupled together to form a double‐joint lateral. The emitters of the two lines have different and varying discharges to obtain various mixings between the two stock solutions while maintaining constant application rates. The layout produces a sequence of intermediates between maximal and minimal concentrations. The method was tested for a salinity experiment on globe artichoke ( Cynara scolymus L.) and a fertilization experiment for amaryllis ( Hippeastrum hybrid). Average electrical conductivity (EC) of the fresh and saline laterals was 1.5 and 6.2 dS m −1 , respectively. The N and K concentrations in the stock solution were 13.12 g L −1 and 9.38 g L −1 , respectively, for a mixed and diluted maximum of 777 and 556 mg L −1 N and K at the irrigation solution. Artichoke yield declined by 60% due to salinity when EC increased from 1.5 to 6.2 dS m −1 . Hippeastrum bulb diameter and weight increased 35% with high N and low K application. We condude that the double‐emitter source can be used for precise application of varying salts or nutrients in multivariable experiments. Advantages include prevention of canopy wetting by saline water, precise distribution of the factor to be evaluated, and small experimental plots (reducing time, area, and labor requirements).
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
In the double-emitter source test the fresh and saline laterals had average electrical conductivity of 1.5 and 6.2 dS m-1.
Verbatim
e0“Average electrical conductivity (EC) of the fresh and saline laterals was 1.5 and 6.2 dS m −1”
Claim · model-written summary
Artichoke yield declined by 60% due to salinity when EC increased from 1.5 to 6.2 dS m-1.
- Taxon
- Artichoke
Cynara cardunculus var. scolymuse0 - Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- Artichoke yielde0
- Direction
- declinede0
- Value
- 60%e0
- Qualifier
- when EC increased from 1.5 to 6.2 dS m −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Artichoke yield declined by 60% due to salinity when EC increased from 1.5 to 6.2 dS m −1”
Claim · model-written summary
Hippeastrum bulb diameter and weight increased 35% with high N and low K application.
- Taxon
- Hippeastrum
Hippeastrume0 - Treatment
- high N and low K applicatione0
- Outcome
- bulb diameter and weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 35%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hippeastrum bulb diameter and weight increased 35% with high N and low K application”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude the double-emitter source can be used for precise application of varying salts or nutrients in multivariable experiments.
- Outcome
- precise application of varying salts or nutrients in multivariable experimentse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“can be used for precise application of varying salts or nutrients in multivariable experiments”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · yield · HippeastrumPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
salinity · yield · Cynara cardunculus (cardoon)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
- negative
- negative
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.