Abstract
Inoculation of cowpea with biofertilizers (rhizobia + mycorrhiza), and spraying them with the mycoinsecticide Metarhizium anisoplae has been shown to improve growth and grain yield. However, the treatment may impair the technological properties of the grains, which have not yet been investigated. This study is a followup to our recent study on the effect of selected biofertilizers and mycoinsecticide in three agroecological zones of Cameroon, aimed at evaluating the physical properties and the protein content of cowpea seeds as affected by these bio-inoculants. Spraying cowpea plants at flowering with the mycoinsecticide M. anisopliae and/or inoculating cowpea seeds at sowing with biofertilizers (rhizobia, mycorrhizae) had no significant effect on the protein content, water absorption capacity, and the percentage of seed coat. They instead significantly affected the physical properties of seeds, such as the seed weight, length, geometric diameter, and sphericity, but this varied from one agroecological zone to another. Whereas the seed weight was increased in agroecological zone V, a significant decrease was observed in zones I and II. The changes in weight reflected those of diameter and volume as confirmed by the correlation analysis. Application of biofertilizers had no significant effect on the water absorption capacity, protein, and coating percentage of cowpea seeds, suggesting that the main qualities of cowpea seeds for industrial utilization remained the same. The increased yield generally associated with these treatments may result from changes in the geometric size, which depends on the agroecological zone.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Field spraying of cowpea with the mycoinsecticide and seed inoculation with biofertilizers had no significant effect on seed protein content, water absorption capacity or seed-coat percentage.
- Taxon
- Cowpea
Vigna unguiculatat0 - Treatment
- Spraying cowpea plants at flowering with the mycoinsecticide M. anisopliae and/or inoculating cowpea seeds at sowing with biofertilizers (rhizobia, mycorrhizae)e1
- Interactor
- rhizobiae1symbiont
- Second interactor
- M. anisopliae
Metarhizium anisopliaee1biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- protein content, water absorption capacity, and the percentage of seed coate1
- Direction
- no significant effecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cowpea Quality Seed Indicators”
e1“Spraying cowpea plants at flowering with the mycoinsecticide M. anisopliae and/or inoculating cowpea seeds at sowing with biofertilizers (rhizobia, mycorrhizae) had no significant effect on the protein content, water absorption capacity, and the percentage of seed coat”
Claim · model-written summary
The biofertilizer and mycoinsecticide treatments significantly affected seed physical properties, and the effect varied between agroecological zones.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- biofertilizerse1
- Outcome
- physical properties of seedse2
- Qualifier
- varied from one agroecological zone to anothere2
- Setting
- agroecological zonee2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cowpea Quality Seed Indicators”
e1“Spraying cowpea plants at flowering with the mycoinsecticide M. anisopliae and/or inoculating cowpea seeds at sowing with biofertilizers (rhizobia, mycorrhizae) had no significant effect on the protein content, water absorption capacity, and the percentage of seed coat”
e2“They instead significantly affected the physical properties of seeds, such as the seed weight, length, geometric diameter, and sphericity, but this varied from one agroecological zone to another”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed weight was increased in agroecological zone V.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Outcome
- seed weighte3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Setting
- agroecological zone Ve3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cowpea Quality Seed Indicators”
e3“Whereas the seed weight was increased in agroecological zone V, a significant decrease was observed in zones I and II”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed weight was significantly decreased in zones I and II.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Outcome
- seed weighte3
- Direction
- decreasee3
- Setting
- zones I and IIe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cowpea Quality Seed Indicators”
e3“Whereas the seed weight was increased in agroecological zone V, a significant decrease was observed in zones I and II”
Claim · model-written summary
Changes in seed weight were reflected in changes in seed diameter and volume, as confirmed by correlation analysis.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Outcome
- weighte4
- Comparator
- diameter and volumee4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cowpea Quality Seed Indicators”
e4“The changes in weight reflected those of diameter and volume as confirmed by the correlation analysis”
Claim · model-written summary
The increase in cowpea yield under these treatments may result from changes in seed geometric size, which depends on the agroecological zone.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Outcome
- increased yielde5
- Qualifier
- changes in the geometric sizee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cowpea Quality Seed Indicators”
e5“The increased yield generally associated with these treatments may result from changes in the geometric size, which depends on the agroecological zone”
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See all 16 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.