Abstract
ABSTRACT There has been much interest recently in central California for reusing drainage water to grow trees. A sand-culture study was conducted to investigate the accumulation of boron (B) and selenium (Se) in eight hybrid poplar (Populus) clones irrigated with synthetic agricultural effluent containing increasing levels of chloride salt, B, and Se. Electrical conductivity (EC) ranged from 1.5 to 15 dS m-1, B levels from 1 to 5 mg L-1, and Se levels from 100 to 500 μg L-1. Compared with all tree organs, the leaves accumulated the greatest concentrations of B and Se at the time of harvest. The results show that pooled leaf B concentrations were positively correlated with EC levels (r = 0.78, P < 0.001) and negatively correlated (r = -0.53, P < 0.001) with leaf dry matter for all clones at all tested B levels. Combined leaf and stem Se data show, respectively, a significant decrease (P < 0.05 level) in tissue accumulation of Se with increased salinity. Toxicity symptoms (e.g., burning leaf margins, shoot die back) occurred in most clones grown at 12 and 15 dS m-1 treatments leading to leaf abscission. Based on the data, clone 49177 (Populus trichocarpa × P. deltoidus) best tolerated the tested parameters among the clones and accumulated the greatest amount of B and Se. The moderate ability of the Populus species to remove and accumulate B and Se from saline effluent is most effective at salinity levels less than 7 dS m-1.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Poplar leaves accumulated more boron and selenium than other organs.
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Outcome
- concentrations of B and See0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Comparator
- all tree organse0
PopulusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with all tree organs, the leaves accumulated the greatest concentrations of B and Se at the time of harvest.”
t0“Poplar (Populus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf boron concentration correlated positively with electrical conductivity in poplar.
- Outcome
- pooled leaf B concentrationse0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
- Value
- r = 0.78e0
- Qualifier
- P < 0.001e0
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pooled leaf B concentrations were positively correlated with EC levels (r = 0.78, P < 0.001)”
t0“Poplar (Populus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf boron concentration correlated negatively with leaf dry matter in poplar.
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Outcome
- pooled leaf B concentrationse1
- Direction
- negatively correlatede0
- Value
- r = -0.53e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“negatively correlated (r = -0.53, P < 0.001) with leaf dry matter”
e1“pooled leaf B concentrations”
t0“Poplar (Populus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing salinity significantly decreased selenium accumulation in poplar leaf and stem tissue.
- Organ / stage
- leaf and steme0
- Treatment
- increased salinitye0
- Outcome
- tissue accumulation of See0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combined leaf and stem Se data show, respectively, a significant decrease (P < 0.05 level) in tissue accumulation of Se with increased salinity.”
t0“Poplar (Populus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Most poplar clones at 12 and 15 dS m-1 developed toxicity symptoms and leaf abscission.
- Treatment
- 12 and 15 dS m-1 treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Toxicity symptomse0
- Direction
- occurrede0
- Qualifier
- most clonese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Toxicity symptoms (e.g., burning leaf margins, shoot die back) occurred in most clones grown at 12 and 15 dS m-1 treatments leading to leaf abscission.”
t0“Poplar (Populus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Clone 49177 best tolerated the tested conditions among poplar clones.
- Taxon
- Populus trichocarpa × P. deltoidus
Populus trichocarpae0 - Material
- clone 49177e0
- Outcome
- tested parameterse0
- Direction
- best toleratede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“clone 49177 (Populus trichocarpa × P. deltoidus) best tolerated the tested parameters among the clones”
Claim · model-written summary
Clone 49177 accumulated the most boron and selenium among poplar clones.
- Taxon
- Populus trichocarpa × P. deltoidusPopulus trichocarpae0
- Material
- clone 49177e0
- Outcome
- amount of B and See0
- Direction
- greateste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“clone 49177 (Populus trichocarpa × P. deltoidus) best tolerated the tested parameters among the clones and accumulated the greatest amount of B and Se”
Claim · model-written summary
Poplar removal and accumulation of boron and selenium was most effective below 7 dS m-1 salinity.
- Outcome
- remove and accumulate B and See0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
- Qualifier
- salinity levels less than 7 dS m-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The moderate ability of the Populus species to remove and accumulate B and Se from saline effluent is most effective at salinity levels less than 7 dS m-1.”
The same questions in other papers
salinity · molecular: metabolites · Populus (poplar)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.