Abstract
The role of photosynthetically active cotyledons on development of young red pine (pinus resinosa Ait.) seedlings, and especially on growth of primary needles, was studied over a 30-day period. Photosynthesis of cotyledons, as measured with an infrared CO 2 analyzer, was variously reduced by photosynthesis-inhibiting herbicides (atrazine, simazine, propazine, monuron), by reduced light intensity, or by combinations of these. When photosynthesis of cotyledons was completely eliminated shortly after seed germination, the primary needles failed to expand, and dry weight production by seedlings was inhibited. Partial reduction of photosynthesis by herbicides, low light intensity, or both of these was followed by proportional decrease in expansion of primary needles and reduction in dry weight increment of seedlings. Reduced photosynthesis in cotyledons inhibited expansion of primary needles rather than formation of their primordia which occurred early in ontogeny. Growth of cotyledons appeared to utilize carbohydrate reserves to a large extent as cotyledons of many plants emerged even in the dark.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Complete elimination of cotyledon photosynthesis after germination caused primary needles of red pine to fail to expand.
- Taxon
- red pine
Pinus resinosae0 - Treatment
- photosynthesis of cotyledons was completely eliminated shortly after seed germinatione1
- Outcome
- primary needlese1
- Direction
- failed to expande1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The role of photosynthetically active cotyledons on development of young red pine (pinus resinosa Ait.) seedlings”
e1“When photosynthesis of cotyledons was completely eliminated shortly after seed germination, the primary needles failed to expand, and dry weight production by seedlings was inhibited”
Claim · model-written summary
Complete elimination of cotyledon photosynthesis after germination inhibited dry weight production of red pine seedlings.
- Taxon
- red pinePinus resinosae0
- Treatment
- photosynthesis of cotyledons was completely eliminated shortly after seed germinatione1
- Outcome
- dry weight production by seedlingse1
- Direction
- inhibitede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The role of photosynthetically active cotyledons on development of young red pine (pinus resinosa Ait.) seedlings”
e1“When photosynthesis of cotyledons was completely eliminated shortly after seed germination, the primary needles failed to expand, and dry weight production by seedlings was inhibited”
Claim · model-written summary
Partial reduction of cotyledon photosynthesis caused a proportional decrease in primary needle expansion and in dry weight increment of red pine seedlings.
- Taxon
- red pinePinus resinosae0
- Treatment
- Partial reduction of photosynthesis by herbicides, low light intensity, or both of thesee2
- Outcome
- expansion of primary needles and reduction in dry weight incremente2
- Direction
- decreasee2
- Qualifier
- proportionale2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The role of photosynthetically active cotyledons on development of young red pine (pinus resinosa Ait.) seedlings”
e2“Partial reduction of photosynthesis by herbicides, low light intensity, or both of these was followed by proportional decrease in expansion of primary needles and reduction in dry weight increment of seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced cotyledon photosynthesis inhibited expansion of primary needles rather than formation of their primordia in red pine.
- Taxon
- red pinePinus resinosae0
- Treatment
- Reduced photosynthesis in cotyledonse3
- Outcome
- expansion of primary needlese3
- Direction
- inhibitede3
- Comparator
- formation of their primordiae3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The role of photosynthetically active cotyledons on development of young red pine (pinus resinosa Ait.) seedlings”
e3“Reduced photosynthesis in cotyledons inhibited expansion of primary needles rather than formation of their primordia which occurred early in ontogeny”
Claim · model-written summary
Formation of primary needle primordia in red pine occurred early in ontogeny.
- Taxon
- red pinePinus resinosae0
- Organ / stage
- early in ontogenye3
- Outcome
- formation of their primordiae3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The role of photosynthetically active cotyledons on development of young red pine (pinus resinosa Ait.) seedlings”
e3“Reduced photosynthesis in cotyledons inhibited expansion of primary needles rather than formation of their primordia which occurred early in ontogeny”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotyledon growth appears to use carbohydrate reserves to a large extent, as cotyledons emerged even in the dark.
- Taxon
- red pinePinus resinosae0
- Outcome
- Growth of cotyledonse4
- Qualifier
- utilize carbohydrate reserves to a large extente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The role of photosynthetically active cotyledons on development of young red pine (pinus resinosa Ait.) seedlings”
e4“Growth of cotyledons appeared to utilize carbohydrate reserves to a large extent as cotyledons of many plants emerged even in the dark”
The same questions in other papers
light · growth · Pinus resinosa (red pine)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
herbicide · growth · Pinus resinosa (red pine)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.