Abstract
Effects of nitrogen fertilization (80 kg N/ha) were studied on pearl millet ( Pennisetum glaucum ) genotypes including hybrids (MH-179 and HHB-67), composites (CZ-IC-923 and CZP-9604) and land races (Barmer population and CZ-IC-718) grown for 2 consecutive years (1997 and 1998) under rainfed conditions of the Indian arid zone. Nitrogen application significantly increased the grain and stover yields in all the genotypes, particularly in the hybrids during both the years but more so in 1997, characterized by late onset of rains followed by adequate precipitation (299·5 mm). Notwithstanding lower plant water potential and leaf relative water content, N fertilized plants displayed significantly higher photosynthetic rates, leaf area, levels of total chlorophyll, starch, reducing sugars, soluble protein and free amino acids and nitrate reductase activity as compared with unfertilized control plants in all the genotypes during both the years. Genotypes HHB-67 and Barmer population during 1997 and HHB-67 and CZ-IC-718 during 1998 provided significantly higher grain yields than other genotypes whereas dry matter production was highest in cv. Barmer population during both the years. These genotypes generally maintained higher rates of photosynthesis, more efficient carbohydrate metabolism and higher nitrate reductase activity leading to better performance. Relatively higher yields of land races than composites and comparable with those of hybrids indicated adaptation of these cultivars to arid conditions and maintenance of several characteristics for their superior performance which could be further augmented by N application. Fertility induced improvement of metabolic efficiency, coupled with higher photosynthesis and nitrate reductase activity for efficient N utilization seem to be the control mechanisms, for enhanced growth and yield of diverse pearl millet genotypes under limited water conditions.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen increased grain and stover yields in all genotypes, especially hybrids.
- Taxon
- pearl millet
Cenchrus americanust0 - Treatment
- Nitrogen applicatione0
- Outcome
- grain and stover yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen application significantly increased the grain and stover yields in all the genotypes, particularly in the hybrids during both the years”
t0“pearl millet”
Claim · model-written summary
N-fertilized plants had lower water potential and relative water content.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- N fertilizede0
- Outcome
- plant water potential and leaf relative water contente0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Notwithstanding lower plant water potential and leaf relative water content, N fertilized plants displayed significantly higher photosynthetic rates”
t0“pearl millet”
Claim · model-written summary
N-fertilized plants had higher photosynthetic rates and leaf area.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- N fertilizede0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic rates, leaf areae0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N fertilized plants displayed significantly higher photosynthetic rates, leaf area, levels of total chlorophyll”
t0“pearl millet”
Claim · model-written summary
N-fertilized plants had higher chlorophyll, starch and reducing sugars.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- N fertilizede0
- Outcome
- total chlorophyll, starch, reducing sugarse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N fertilized plants displayed significantly higher photosynthetic rates, leaf area, levels of total chlorophyll, starch, reducing sugars”
t0“pearl millet”
Claim · model-written summary
N-fertilized plants had higher soluble protein, amino acids and nitrate reductase activity.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- N fertilizede0
- Outcome
- soluble protein and free amino acids and nitrate reductase activitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- unfertilized control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N fertilized plants displayed significantly higher photosynthetic rates, leaf area, levels of total chlorophyll, starch, reducing sugars, soluble protein and free amino acids and nitrate reductase activity as compared with unfertilized control plants”
t0“pearl millet”
Claim · model-written summary
HHB-67 and Barmer had higher grain yields than other genotypes in 1997.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanust0
- Material
- HHB-67 and Barmer populatione0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- other genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Genotypes HHB-67 and Barmer population during 1997 and HHB-67 and CZ-IC-718 during 1998 provided significantly higher grain yields than other genotypes”
t0“pearl millet”
Claim · model-written summary
HHB-67 and CZ-IC-718 had higher grain yields in 1998.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanust0
- Material
- HHB-67 and CZ-IC-718e0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- other genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HHB-67 and CZ-IC-718 during 1998 provided significantly higher grain yields than other genotypes”
t0“pearl millet”
Claim · model-written summary
Barmer had the highest dry matter production in both years.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanust0
- Material
- Barmer populatione0
- Outcome
- dry matter productione0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter production was highest in cv. Barmer population during both the years.”
t0“pearl millet”
Claim · model-written summary
Landrace yields exceeded composites and were comparable to hybrids.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanust0
- Material
- land racese0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- compositese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Relatively higher yields of land races than composites and comparable with those of hybrids indicated adaptation of these cultivars to arid conditions”
t0“pearl millet”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors attribute enhanced growth and yield to improved metabolism and nitrogen utilization.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanuse0
- Outcome
- enhanced growth and yielde0
- Qualifier
- improvement of metabolic efficiency, coupled with higher photosynthesis and nitrate reductase activitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fertility induced improvement of metabolic efficiency, coupled with higher photosynthesis and nitrate reductase activity for efficient N utilization seem to be the control mechanisms, for enhanced growth and yield of diverse pearl millet genotypes under limited water conditions.”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.