Abstract
Abstract Yield losses occur in cereals as a result of lodging. Ethephon [(2‐chloroethyl)phosphonic acid] has been reported to reduce lodging; however, studies of its effect on grain yield have produced conflicting results. In this study. selected cultivars of semidwarf wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), normal height barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) and triticale ( Triticale hexaploid L.) were treated with ethephon to determine (1) if this growth regulator had an effect on yield other than via a reduction in lodging and (2) the optimum growth stage and rate (kg/ha) of application. Foliar‐applications to field grown plants (the soil was a fine‐silty, mixed, mesic Cumulic Haplaxeroll) were made at two plant growth stages, late boot and early heading. Ethephon was applied at 0, 0.28, and 0.55 kg&ha in 1976 and at 0, 0.28, 0.55, and 0.85 kg/ha in 1977. Main plots were fertilized with 45 or 90 kg N/ha in 1976 and 90 or 180 kg N/ha in 1977. Ethephon applications at the late boot stage reduced the elongation of plants more effectively than applications at early heading. Ethephon treatments reduced elongation of tall cereal species, i.e., barley and triticale were significantly shorter following treatment of 0.28 kg/ha in 1977. Ethephon treatments increased harvestable yields when they reduced lodging. For instance, untreated ‘Unitan’ barley lodged heavily, but ethephon treatment of 0.55 kg/ha reduced lodging which resulted in increased harvestable yields. Ethephon treatment of 0.84 kg/ha significantly inhibited stem elongation in semidwarf wheats, but semidwarf wheats did not lodge and treatment did not increase yields. The results of this study indicate that further field testing should be conducted in regard to ethephon's potential to benefit yields of tall, ‘weak‐stemmed’ cereals such as barley, since no benefit was derived from ethephon treatment to semidwarf wheats.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Late-boot application reduced cereal elongation more than early-heading application.
- Taxon
- Wheat, Barley, and Triticale
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgare
Triticum aestivum
×Triticosecalet0 - Treatment
- Ethephon applications at the late boot stagee0
- Outcome
- elongation of plantse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- applications at early headinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Ethephon applications at the late boot stage reduced the elongation of plants more effectively than applications at early heading”
t0“Wheat, Barley, and Triticale”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon at 0.28 kg/ha significantly shortened barley in 1977.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- treatment of 0.28 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- shortere0
- Direction
- shortere0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“barley and triticale were significantly shorter following treatment of 0.28 kg/ha in 1977”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon at 0.28 kg/ha significantly shortened triticale in 1977.
- Taxon
- triticale×Triticosecalee0
- Treatment
- treatment of 0.28 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- shortere0
- Direction
- shortere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“barley and triticale were significantly shorter following treatment of 0.28 kg/ha in 1977”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon increased harvestable yields where it reduced lodging.
- Taxon
- Wheat, Barley, and TriticaleHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivum×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- Ethephon treatmentse0
- Outcome
- harvestable yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- when they reduced lodginge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ethephon treatments increased harvestable yields when they reduced lodging”
t0“Wheat, Barley, and Triticale”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon at 0.55 kg/ha reduced lodging of Unitan barley.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Material
- Unitane0
- Treatment
- ethephon treatment of 0.55 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- lodginge0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- untreatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“untreated ‘Unitan’ barley lodged heavily, but ethephon treatment of 0.55 kg/ha reduced lodging”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon at 0.84 kg/ha significantly inhibited stem elongation in semidwarf wheat.
- Material
- semidwarf wheatse0
- Treatment
- Ethephon treatment of 0.84 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- stem elongatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
TriticumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ethephon treatment of 0.84 kg/ha significantly inhibited stem elongation in semidwarf wheats”
Claim · model-written summary
Semidwarf wheat did not lodge.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“semidwarf wheats did not lodge”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon did not increase semidwarf wheat yields.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“semidwarf wheats did not lodge and treatment did not increase yields”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend further field testing of ethephon for tall weak-stemmed cereals such as barley.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- ethephone0
- Outcome
- further field testinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“further field testing should be conducted in regard to ethephon's potential to benefit yields of tall, ‘weak‐stemmed’ cereals such as barley”
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