Abstract
Abstract Field studies were conducted in Florida and Alabama in 1998 and 1999 to evaluate imazapic [70gai/ha preemergence (PRE) or early postemergence (EPOST)], diclosulam (18 or 26 g ai/ha PRE or 18 g/ha EPOST) or imazapic + diclosulam (35 + 13 g/ha PRE or 35 + 9 g/ha EPOST). These treatments were applied alone or supplemented with either a paraquat + bentazon tank mixture or 2,4-DB. The intent was to determine if diclosulam, which has a mode of action similar to imazapic and is less persistent and less costly, could be incorporated into systems with other herbicides and thereby offer an alternative to imazapic. Maximum yield and economic return were consistently associated with only two treatments, imazapic at 70 g/ha EPOST and imazapic + diclosulam at 35 + 9 g/ha EPOST. However, none of the diclosulam-based systems provided a more favorable economic return than imazapic applied alone due to poor sicklepod control with diclosulam. Sicklepod control with diclosulam was improved with the addition of either paraquat + bentazon or 2,4-DB, but control was less than that obtained with imazapic. Diclosulam-based systems could be identified that were as effective as imazapic alone in controlling Florida beggarweed (diclosulam 26 g/ha EPOST or imazapic + diclosulam PRE or EPOST), bristly starbur (diclosulam 18 g/ha PRE or imazapic + diclosulam PRE or EPOST) and yellow nutsedge (imazapic + diclosulam EPOST). Thus, diclosulam-based systems may offer an economic advantage over imazapic in areas void of sicklepod. Neither diclosulam nor imazapic adversely affected any of five runner-type peanut cultivars (Georgia Green, Southern Runner, ViruGuard, Florida MDR 98, or Florida C-99R) when applied at twice labeled rates.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum yield and economic return were associated with imazapic at 70 g/ha EPOST and with imazapic + diclosulam at 35 + 9 g/ha EPOST.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- imazapic at 70 g/ha EPOST and imazapic + diclosulam at 35 + 9 g/ha EPOSTe1
- Outcome
- yield and economic returne1
- Direction
- Maximume1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control Systems in Peanut1”
e1“Maximum yield and economic return were consistently associated with only two treatments, imazapic at 70 g/ha EPOST and imazapic + diclosulam at 35 + 9 g/ha EPOST”
Claim · model-written summary
No diclosulam-based system gave a more favorable economic return than imazapic alone, owing to poor sicklepod control with diclosulam.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- diclosulam-based systemse2
- Interactor
- sicklepode2weed
- Outcome
- economic returne2
- Direction
- more favorablee2
- Qualifier
- due to poor sicklepod control with diclosulame2
- Comparator
- imazapic applied alonee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control Systems in Peanut1”
e2“However, none of the diclosulam-based systems provided a more favorable economic return than imazapic applied alone due to poor sicklepod control with diclosulam”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding paraquat + bentazon or 2,4-DB improved sicklepod control with diclosulam.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- addition of either paraquat + bentazon or 2,4-DBe3
- Interactor
- sicklepode3weed
- Outcome
- Sicklepod controle3
- Direction
- improvede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control Systems in Peanut1”
e3“Sicklepod control with diclosulam was improved with the addition of either paraquat + bentazon or 2,4-DB, but control was less than that obtained with imazapic”
Claim · model-written summary
Sicklepod control with diclosulam was less than that obtained with imazapic.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- diclosulame3
- Interactor
- sicklepode3weed
- Outcome
- Sicklepod controle3
- Direction
- lesse3
- Comparator
- imazapice3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control Systems in Peanut1”
e3“Sicklepod control with diclosulam was improved with the addition of either paraquat + bentazon or 2,4-DB, but control was less than that obtained with imazapic”
Claim · model-written summary
Diclosulam 26 g/ha EPOST or imazapic + diclosulam PRE or EPOST was as effective as imazapic alone against Florida beggarweed.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- diclosulam 26 g/ha EPOST or imazapic + diclosulam PRE or EPOSTe4
- Interactor
- Florida beggarweed
Desmodium tortuosume4weed - Outcome
- controle4
- Direction
- as effective ase4
- Comparator
- imazapic alonee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control Systems in Peanut1”
e4“Diclosulam-based systems could be identified that were as effective as imazapic alone in controlling Florida beggarweed (diclosulam 26 g/ha EPOST or imazapic + diclosulam PRE or EPOST), bristly starbur (diclosulam 18 g/ha PRE or imazapic + diclosulam PRE or EPOST) and yellow nutsedge (imazapic + diclosulam EPOST)”
Claim · model-written summary
Diclosulam 18 g/ha PRE or imazapic + diclosulam PRE or EPOST was as effective as imazapic alone against bristly starbur.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- diclosulam 18 g/ha PRE or imazapic + diclosulam PRE or EPOSTe4
- Interactor
- bristly starbure4weed
- Outcome
- controle4
- Direction
- as effective ase4
- Comparator
- imazapic alonee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control Systems in Peanut1”
e4“Diclosulam-based systems could be identified that were as effective as imazapic alone in controlling Florida beggarweed (diclosulam 26 g/ha EPOST or imazapic + diclosulam PRE or EPOST), bristly starbur (diclosulam 18 g/ha PRE or imazapic + diclosulam PRE or EPOST) and yellow nutsedge (imazapic + diclosulam EPOST)”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazapic + diclosulam EPOST was as effective as imazapic alone against yellow nutsedge.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- imazapic + diclosulam EPOSTe4
- Interactor
- yellow nutsedgee4weed
- Outcome
- controle4
- Direction
- as effective ase4
- Comparator
- imazapic alonee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control Systems in Peanut1”
e4“Diclosulam-based systems could be identified that were as effective as imazapic alone in controlling Florida beggarweed (diclosulam 26 g/ha EPOST or imazapic + diclosulam PRE or EPOST), bristly starbur (diclosulam 18 g/ha PRE or imazapic + diclosulam PRE or EPOST) and yellow nutsedge (imazapic + diclosulam EPOST)”
Claim · model-written summary
Diclosulam-based systems may offer an economic advantage over imazapic where sicklepod is absent.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- economic advantage over imazapice5
- Setting
- areas void of sicklepode5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control Systems in Peanut1”
e5“Diclosulam-based systems may offer an economic advantage over imazapic in areas void of sicklepod”
Claim · model-written summary
Neither diclosulam nor imazapic adversely affected five runner-type peanut cultivars when applied at twice labeled rates.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae6
- Material
- Georgia Green, Southern Runner, ViruGuard, Florida MDR 98, or Florida C-99Re6
- Treatment
- Neither diclosulam nor imazapice6
- Outcome
- adversely affectede6
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control Systems in Peanut1”
e6“Neither diclosulam nor imazapic adversely affected any of five runner-type peanut cultivars (Georgia Green, Southern Runner, ViruGuard, Florida MDR 98, or Florida C-99R) when applied at twice labeled rates”
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