Abstract
ABSTRACT A field experiment evaluated simulated salvage herbicide application injury and injury timing on cutleaf groundcherry density, biomass, seed production, and crop yield in a peanut system. Treatments included: 1) a non-treated control; 2) hand pruning; 3) diclosulam applied preemergence (PRE) alone at 27 g/ha ; 4) paraquat applied at cracking early postemergence (EPOST) at 140 g/ha followed by bentazon at 560 g/ha late postemergence (POST) alone or mixed with 5) 2,4-DB at 220 g/ha; 6) acifluorfen at 280 g/ha; 7) imazapic at 70 g/ha; or 8) chlorimuron ethyl at 9 g/ha. Hand pruning and POST herbicide treatments were performed at 1-week intervals for four weeks beginning in June of each year. Herbicide treatments do not reflect current peanut herbicide recommendations but were chosen based on likely differential cutleaf groundcherry biomass and subsequent seed production. Diclosulam applied PRE provided season-long cutleaf groundcherry control; imazapic applied POST in combination with bentazon also provided excellent control. Use of bentazon alone or mixed with chlorimuron ethyl, or hand pruning resulted in similar cutleaf groundcherry biomass and subsequent seed production compared to the non-treated control in almost all comparisons. Peanut yield reflected early-season weed interference and late season cutleaf groundcherry control. Highest yields were recorded for diclosulam PRE and POST applications containing 2,4-DB and imazapic with 6040, 5990, and 6430 kg/ha, respectively. When early-season weed control efforts fail to completely control cutleaf groundcherry, it is crucial to have effective late season herbicide options for salvage treatments in order to prevent additions to the seed bank. Nomenclature: Acifluorfen, bentazon, chlorimuron ethyl, diclosulam, imazapic, paraquat, 2,4-DB, cutleaf groundcherry, Physalis angulata (L.) PHYAN, peanut, Arachis hypogaea (L.).
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
PRE diclosulam provided season-long groundcherry control.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- Diclosulam applied PREe0
- Interactor
- cutleaf groundcherrye0weed
- Outcome
- cutleaf groundcherry controle0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Diclosulam applied PRE provided season-long cutleaf groundcherry control”
t0“peanut”
e1“peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
POST imazapic with bentazon provided excellent groundcherry control.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- imazapic applied POST in combination with bentazone0
- Interactor
- cutleaf groundcherryt0weed
- Outcome
- excellent controle0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“imazapic applied POST in combination with bentazon also provided excellent control”
t0“cutleaf groundcherry”
e1“peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Bentazon alone gave groundcherry biomass and seed production similar to untreated controls.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- bentazon alonee0
- Interactor
- cutleaf groundcherrye0weed
- Outcome
- cutleaf groundcherry biomass and subsequent seed productione0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- non-treated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Use of bentazon alone or mixed with chlorimuron ethyl, or hand pruning resulted in similar cutleaf groundcherry biomass and subsequent seed production compared to the non-treated control in almost all comparisons”
t0“peanut”
e1“peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Bentazon with chlorimuron ethyl gave groundcherry biomass and seed production similar to untreated controls.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- bentazon alone or mixed with chlorimuron ethyle0
- Interactor
- cutleaf groundcherrye0weed
- Outcome
- cutleaf groundcherry biomass and subsequent seed productione0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- non-treated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Use of bentazon alone or mixed with chlorimuron ethyl, or hand pruning resulted in similar cutleaf groundcherry biomass and subsequent seed production compared to the non-treated control in almost all comparisons”
t0“peanut”
e1“peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand pruning gave groundcherry biomass and seed production similar to untreated controls.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- hand pruninge0
- Interactor
- cutleaf groundcherrye0weed
- Outcome
- cutleaf groundcherry biomass and subsequent seed productione0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- non-treated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Use of bentazon alone or mixed with chlorimuron ethyl, or hand pruning resulted in similar cutleaf groundcherry biomass and subsequent seed production compared to the non-treated control in almost all comparisons”
t0“peanut”
e1“peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut yield was associated with early weed interference and late groundcherry control.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Interactor
- cutleaf groundcherrye0weed
- Outcome
- yielde0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut yield reflected early-season weed interference and late season cutleaf groundcherry control”
e1“peanut”
t0“peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
PRE diclosulam yielded 6040 kg/ha peanut.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest yields were recorded for diclosulam PRE and POST applications containing 2,4-DB and imazapic with 6040, 5990, and 6430 kg/ha, respectively”
t0“peanut”
e1“peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
POST 2,4-DB yielded 5990 kg/ha peanut.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- POST applications containing 2,4-DBe0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- Higheste0
- Value
- 5990, and 6430 kg/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest yields were recorded for diclosulam PRE and POST applications containing 2,4-DB and imazapic with 6040, 5990, and 6430 kg/ha, respectively”
t0“peanut”
e1“peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
POST imazapic yielded 6430 kg/ha peanut.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest yields were recorded for diclosulam PRE and POST applications containing 2,4-DB and imazapic with 6040, 5990, and 6430 kg/ha, respectively”
t0“peanut”
e1“peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Effective late-season salvage herbicides are recommended to avoid additions to the groundcherry seed bank.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- effective late season herbicide options for salvage treatmentse0
- Qualifier
- prevent additions to the seed banke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it is crucial to have effective late season herbicide options for salvage treatments in order to prevent additions to the seed bank”
t0“peanut”
e1“peanut”
The same questions in other papers
imazapic · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results differ
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
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See all 20 papers →Diclosulam · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results differ
21 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
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See all 29 papers →bentazone · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- positive
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See all 15 papers →Diclosulam · control · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
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See all 23 papers →bentazone · control · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- negative
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See all 24 papers →imazapic · control · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
22 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
22 papers more in this group
See all 26 papers →pruning · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results differ
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
15 papers more in this group
See all 19 papers →herbicide · control · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
32 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
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See all 37 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.