Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) has been reported to increase lignin formation, enhance cell wall rigidification, restrict cell expansion and inhibit root elongation. However, our results showed that it not only inhibited rice (Oryza sativa) root elongation, but also increased root diameter. No study has reported how and why H₂O₂ increases cell expansion and root diameter. Exogenous H₂O₂ and its scavenger 4-hydroxy-Tempo were applied to confirm the roles of H₂O₂. Immunofluorescence, fluorescence probe, ruthenium red staining, histological section and spectrophotometry were used to monitor changes in the degree of pectin methylesterification, pectin content, pectin methylesterase (PME) activity and H₂O₂ content. Exogenous H₂O₂ inhibited root elongation, but increased cell expansion and root diameter significantly. H₂O₂ not only increased the region of pectin synthesis and pectin content in root tips, but also increased PME activity and pectin demethylesterification. The scavenger 4-hydroxy-Tempo reduced root H₂O₂ content and recovered H₂O₂-induced increases in cell expansion and root diameter by inhibiting pectin synthesis, PME activity and pectin demethylesterification. H₂O₂ plays a novel role in the regulation of pectin synthesis, PME activity and pectin demethylesterification. H₂O₂ increases cell expansion and root diameter by increasing pectin content and demethylesterification.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous hydrogen peroxide inhibited rice root elongation.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- Exogenous H₂O₂e0
- Outcome
- root elongatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous H₂O₂ inhibited root elongation, but increased cell expansion and root diameter significantly.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous hydrogen peroxide significantly increased rice cell expansion.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Exogenous H₂O₂e0
- Outcome
- cell expansione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous H₂O₂ inhibited root elongation, but increased cell expansion and root diameter significantly.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous hydrogen peroxide significantly increased rice root diameter.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Exogenous H₂O₂e0
- Outcome
- root diametere0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous H₂O₂ inhibited root elongation, but increased cell expansion and root diameter significantly.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogen peroxide increased the root-tip region of pectin synthesis.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- root tipse0
- Treatment
- H₂O₂e0
- Outcome
- region of pectin synthesise0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H₂O₂ not only increased the region of pectin synthesis and pectin content in root tips, but also increased PME activity and pectin demethylesterification.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogen peroxide increased pectin content in rice root tips.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- root tipse0
- Treatment
- H₂O₂e0
- Outcome
- pectin contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H₂O₂ not only increased the region of pectin synthesis and pectin content in root tips, but also increased PME activity and pectin demethylesterification.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogen peroxide increased pectin methylesterase activity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- H₂O₂e0
- Outcome
- PME activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H₂O₂ not only increased the region of pectin synthesis and pectin content in root tips, but also increased PME activity and pectin demethylesterification.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogen peroxide increased pectin demethylesterification.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- H₂O₂e0
- Outcome
- pectin demethylesterificatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H₂O₂ not only increased the region of pectin synthesis and pectin content in root tips, but also increased PME activity and pectin demethylesterification.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The scavenger 4-hydroxy-Tempo reduced rice root hydrogen peroxide content.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 4-hydroxy-Tempoe0
- Outcome
- root H₂O₂ contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The scavenger 4-hydroxy-Tempo reduced root H₂O₂ content and recovered H₂O₂-induced increases in cell expansion and root diameter by inhibiting pectin synthesis, PME activity and pectin demethylesterification.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
4-hydroxy-Tempo reversed the hydrogen-peroxide-induced increases in cell expansion and root diameter.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 4-hydroxy-Tempoe0
- Outcome
- cell expansion and root diametere0
- Direction
- recoverede0
- Comparator
- H₂O₂-inducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The scavenger 4-hydroxy-Tempo reduced root H₂O₂ content and recovered H₂O₂-induced increases in cell expansion and root diameter by inhibiting pectin synthesis, PME activity and pectin demethylesterification.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
4-hydroxy-Tempo inhibited pectin synthesis, PME activity, and pectin demethylesterification.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 4-hydroxy-Tempoe0
- Outcome
- pectin synthesis, PME activity and pectin demethylesterificatione0
- Direction
- inhibitinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The scavenger 4-hydroxy-Tempo reduced root H₂O₂ content and recovered H₂O₂-induced increases in cell expansion and root diameter by inhibiting pectin synthesis, PME activity and pectin demethylesterification.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogen peroxide increases cell expansion and root diameter by increasing pectin content and demethylesterification.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- H₂O₂e0
- Outcome
- cell expansion and root diametere0
- Qualifier
- by increasing pectin content and demethylesterificatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H₂O₂ increases cell expansion and root diameter by increasing pectin content and demethylesterification.”
t0“rice”
The same questions in other papers
hydrogen peroxide · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 17 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
18 papers more in this group
See all 22 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.