Abstract
Abstract High temperatures during rice grain ripening reduced yield and grain quality. The proportion of milky white grains was 43.6 % at 30 °C but only 6.5 % at 25 °C. Grain filling was initially faster at 30 °C and finished earlier, and the final dry matter content was less, than at 25 °C. High temperature strongly suppressed the expression of the sucrose transporter gene O s SUT 1 and starch synthesis‐related genes S u S y2 , AGPS 2b , BEII b and Granule‐bound starch synthase in grains during early grain filling; the transcription levels of O s SUT 1 at 14 days after flowering ( DAF ) were about 60 % lower in grains, flag leaf blade, flag leaf sheath and first leaf sheath. These facts are possibly involved in the earlier termination of grain filling at 21 DAF , following the rapid rise of grain dry weight from 0 to 7 DAF , due to possible reduction in assimilate supply via O s SUT 1 under the high temperature. When panicles were partly clipped, the resultant increase in assimilate supply to the remaining grains significantly upregulated the expression of O s SUT 1 and the starch synthesis‐related genes at 14 DAF , which consequently accelerated starch accumulation in the grains and ultimately increased the grain weight of remaining grains at 30 °C. These results indicate that high temperature during grain filling reduces grain yield and quality by changing the expression of O s SUT 1 and starch synthase‐related genes, resulting in earlier ripening due to hastened or premature assimilate supply to grains.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
High temperature reduced rice yield.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- High temperaturese0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High temperatures during rice grain ripening reduced yield and grain quality”
Claim · model-written summary
High temperature reduced rice grain quality.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- High temperaturese0
- Outcome
- grain qualitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High temperatures during rice grain ripening reduced yield and grain quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Milky white grains were more frequent at 30 °C than at 25 °C, 43.6 % versus 6.5 %.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 30 °Ce0
- Outcome
- proportion of milky white grainse0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 43.6 %e0
- Qualifier
- 6.5 %e0
- Comparator
- 25 °Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The proportion of milky white grains was 43.6 % at 30 °C but only 6.5 % at 25 °C”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Initial rice grain filling was faster at 30 °C than 25 °C.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain filling was initially faster at 30 °C and finished earlier, and the final dry matter content was less, than at 25 °C”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice grain filling finished earlier at 30 °C than 25 °C.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain filling was initially faster at 30 °C and finished earlier, and the final dry matter content was less, than at 25 °C”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Final rice grain dry matter was less at 30 °C than 25 °C.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 30 °Ce0
- Outcome
- final dry matter contente0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- 25 °Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain filling was initially faster at 30 °C and finished earlier, and the final dry matter content was less, than at 25 °C”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat suppressed OsSUT1 expression in grains during early grain filling.
- Taxon
- grainse0
- Organ / stage
- grains during early grain fillinge0
- Treatment
- High temperaturee0
- Gene
- O s SUT 1e0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“High temperature strongly suppressed the expression of the sucrose transporter gene O s SUT 1 and starch synthesis‐related genes S u S y2 , AGPS 2b , BEII b and Granule‐bound starch synthase in grains during early grain filling”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat suppressed expression of starch synthesis genes in grains during early filling.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- grains during early grain fillinge0
- Treatment
- High temperaturee0
- Gene
- S u S y2 , AGPS 2b , BEII b and Granule‐bound starch synthasee0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High temperature strongly suppressed the expression of the sucrose transporter gene O s SUT 1 and starch synthesis‐related genes S u S y2 , AGPS 2b , BEII b and Granule‐bound starch synthase in grains during early grain filling”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
At 14 DAF, OsSUT1 transcription was about 60 % lower across grains and leaf tissues under heat.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- grains, flag leaf blade, flag leaf sheath and first leaf sheathe0
- Treatment
- High temperaturee1
- Gene
- O s SUT 1e0
- Outcome
- transcription levelse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 60 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the transcription levels of O s SUT 1 at 14 days after flowering ( DAF ) were about 60 % lower in grains, flag leaf blade, flag leaf sheath and first leaf sheath”
e1“High temperature strongly suppressed”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Earlier termination of rice grain filling at 21 DAF may involve reduced assimilate supply through OsSUT1.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- O s SUT 1e0
- Outcome
- earlier termination of grain fillinge0
- Qualifier
- possible reduction in assimilate supplye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“earlier termination of grain filling at 21 DAF , following the rapid rise of grain dry weight from 0 to 7 DAF , due to possible reduction in assimilate supply via O s SUT 1 under the high temperature”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Panicle clipping upregulated OsSUT1 and starch synthesis genes at 14 DAF.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- panicles were partly clippede0
- Gene
- O s SUT 1 and the starch synthesis‐related genese0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When panicles were partly clipped, the resultant increase in assimilate supply to the remaining grains significantly upregulated the expression of O s SUT 1 and the starch synthesis‐related genes at 14 DAF”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Panicle clipping accelerated starch accumulation in remaining rice grains.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- panicles were partly clippede0
- Outcome
- starch accumulatione0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When panicles were partly clipped, the resultant increase in assimilate supply to the remaining grains significantly upregulated the expression of O s SUT 1 and the starch synthesis‐related genes at 14 DAF , which consequently accelerated starch accumulation in the grains”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Panicle clipping increased remaining rice grain weight at 30 °C.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- panicles were partly clippede0
- Outcome
- grain weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 30 °Ce0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When panicles were partly clipped, the resultant increase in assimilate supply to the remaining grains significantly upregulated the expression of O s SUT 1 and the starch synthesis‐related genes at 14 DAF , which consequently accelerated starch accumulation in the grains and ultimately increased the grain weight of remaining grains at 30 °C”
t0“Rice”
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