Abstract
Curtisia dentata (CD) is a vulnerable medicinal plant used for the treatment of stomach ailments in South Africa. However, there is a lack of sufficient data on its phytochemical components and medicinal properties. The phytochemical analysis of the extract was estimated using standard assay methods while its antibacterial activity was determined by the agar dilution method against selected bacteria. The antioxidant activity of the extract was done using ferric reducing power, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic-acid (ABTS), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and lipid peroxidation (LPO). The cytotoxicity assay of the extract was assessed using the brine shrimp lethality test with LC(50) value of 0.302 mg/mL. The antibacterial activity of the extract demonstrated an appreciable broad spectrum activity against the tested bacteria with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges between 5000 and 0.5 mg/L. Both phenol and flavonoid concentrations were 14.86 mg tannic acid equivalent/g and 13.64 mg quercetin equivalent/g, respectively. The percentage composition of saponins (13.26) was highest, followed by steroids (1.42), while alkaloids and tannins had the same value of 0.51. Similarly, IC(50) values of the extract against DPPH, ABTS, H(2)O(2), LPO and NO were 0.017, 0.018, 0.159, 0.06 and 0.052 mg/mL, respectively. The reducing power of the extract was found to be concentration dependent. Our data suggest that the 70% ethanol extract from the CD extract has antibacterial and antioxidant properties due to the presence of bio-active compounds and thus support its folkloric use in the treatment of diseases.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
The extract had a brine shrimp LC50 of 0.302 mg/mL.
- Taxon
- Curtisia dentata
Curtisia dentatat0 - Outcome
- cytotoxicitye0
- Value
- 0.302 mg/mLe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The cytotoxicity assay of the extract was assessed using the brine shrimp lethality test with LC(50) value of 0.302 mg/mL.”
t0“Curtisia dentata”
Claim · model-written summary
The extract showed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity with MICs from 5000 to 0.5 mg/L.
- Taxon
- Curtisia dentataCurtisia dentatat0
- Outcome
- antibacterial activitye0
- Value
- 5000 and 0.5 mg/Le0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The antibacterial activity of the extract demonstrated an appreciable broad spectrum activity against the tested bacteria with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges between 5000 and 0.5 mg/L.”
t0“Curtisia dentata”
Claim · model-written summary
The extract contained phenols at 14.86 mg tannic acid equivalent/g.
- Taxon
- Curtisia dentataCurtisia dentatat0
- Outcome
- phenole0
- Value
- 14.86 mg tannic acid equivalent/ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both phenol and flavonoid concentrations were 14.86 mg tannic acid equivalent/g and 13.64 mg quercetin equivalent/g, respectively.”
t0“Curtisia dentata”
Claim · model-written summary
The extract contained flavonoids at 13.64 mg quercetin equivalent/g.
- Taxon
- Curtisia dentataCurtisia dentatat0
- Outcome
- flavonoid concentrationse0
- Value
- 13.64 mg quercetin equivalent/ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both phenol and flavonoid concentrations were 14.86 mg tannic acid equivalent/g and 13.64 mg quercetin equivalent/g, respectively.”
t0“Curtisia dentata”
Claim · model-written summary
Saponins were the highest listed constituent at 13.26%.
- Taxon
- Curtisia dentataCurtisia dentatat0
- Outcome
- saponinse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 13.26e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The percentage composition of saponins (13.26) was highest”
t0“Curtisia dentata”
Claim · model-written summary
Steroids had a listed percentage composition of 1.42.
- Taxon
- Curtisia dentataCurtisia dentatat0
- Outcome
- steroidse0
- Value
- 1.42e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by steroids (1.42)”
t0“Curtisia dentata”
Claim · model-written summary
Alkaloids and tannins each had a composition of 0.51.
- Taxon
- Curtisia dentataCurtisia dentatat0
- Outcome
- alkaloids and tanninse0
- Value
- 0.51e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“alkaloids and tannins had the same value of 0.51.”
t0“Curtisia dentata”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract DPPH IC50 was 0.017 mg/mL.
- Taxon
- Curtisia dentataCurtisia dentatat0
- Outcome
- DPPHe0
- Value
- 0.017e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IC(50) values of the extract against DPPH, ABTS, H(2)O(2), LPO and NO were 0.017, 0.018, 0.159, 0.06 and 0.052 mg/mL, respectively.”
t0“Curtisia dentata”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract ABTS IC50 was 0.018 mg/mL.
- Taxon
- Curtisia dentataCurtisia dentatat0
- Outcome
- ABTSe0
- Value
- 0.018e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IC(50) values of the extract against DPPH, ABTS, H(2)O(2), LPO and NO were 0.017, 0.018, 0.159, 0.06 and 0.052 mg/mL, respectively.”
t0“Curtisia dentata”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract hydrogen peroxide IC50 was 0.159 mg/mL.
- Taxon
- Curtisia dentataCurtisia dentatat0
- Outcome
- H(2)O(2)e0
- Value
- 0.159e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IC(50) values of the extract against DPPH, ABTS, H(2)O(2), LPO and NO were 0.017, 0.018, 0.159, 0.06 and 0.052 mg/mL, respectively.”
t0“Curtisia dentata”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract lipid peroxidation IC50 was 0.06 mg/mL.
- Taxon
- Curtisia dentataCurtisia dentatat0
- Outcome
- LPOe0
- Value
- 0.06e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IC(50) values of the extract against DPPH, ABTS, H(2)O(2), LPO and NO were 0.017, 0.018, 0.159, 0.06 and 0.052 mg/mL, respectively.”
t0“Curtisia dentata”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract nitric oxide IC50 was 0.052 mg/mL.
- Taxon
- Curtisia dentataCurtisia dentatat0
- Outcome
- NOe0
- Value
- 0.052 mg/mLe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IC(50) values of the extract against DPPH, ABTS, H(2)O(2), LPO and NO were 0.017, 0.018, 0.159, 0.06 and 0.052 mg/mL, respectively.”
t0“Curtisia dentata”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract reducing power depended on concentration.
- Taxon
- Curtisia dentataCurtisia dentatat0
- Treatment
- concentratione0
- Outcome
- reducing powere0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reducing power of the extract was found to be concentration dependent.”
t0“Curtisia dentata”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute antibacterial and antioxidant properties to bioactive compounds.
- Taxon
- Curtisia dentataCurtisia dentatat0
- Compound
- bio-active compoundse0
- Outcome
- antibacterial and antioxidant propertiese0
- Qualifier
- 70% ethanol extracte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the 70% ethanol extract from the CD extract has antibacterial and antioxidant properties due to the presence of bio-active compounds”
t0“Curtisia dentata”