Abstract
Melanthera biflora (Asteraceae) is a moderately salt-tolerant plant from the Indo-Pacific region. In laboratory studies its growth was inhibited by salt above 50 mol m−3, but it was able to survive salinities approaching that of seawater, namely 400 mol m−3. Shoot potassium concentrations were maintained over a range of salinities up to 400 mol m−3, while sodium and chloride accumulation followed closely the increase in external osmotic pressure. In contrast, the increase in osmotic pressure of the leaf sap of Melanthera biflora, subjected to water stress, was due mainly to a decrease in the ratio of fresh weight/dry weight. 3-dimethylsulphoniopropionate (3-DMSP) and glycinebetaine were identified by fast atom bombardment mass and 1H -NMR spectroscopy, with 3-DMSP being the main onium compound and glycinebetaine absent in some accessions. Onium (quaternary ammonium and/or tertiary sulphonium) compounds and proline increased during salt and water stress due mainly to a decrease in the fresh weight/dry weight ratio of tissue, although part of the increase in salt-stressed tissue was due to an increase in the accumulation of the onium compound. This salt-induced increase in 3-DMSP was inhibited in conditions of low sulphur supply and there was no compensatory increase in proline.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Growth was inhibited by salt above 50 mol m−3.
- Taxon
- Melanthera biflora
Wollastonia biflorae0 - Treatment
- salt above 50 mol m−3e0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Setting
- laboratorye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Melanthera biflora (Asteraceae) is a moderately salt-tolerant plant from the Indo-Pacific region. In laboratory studies its growth was inhibited by salt above 50 mol m−3”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants survived salinity approaching seawater at 400 mol m−3.
- Taxon
- Melanthera bifloraWollastonia biflorat0
- Outcome
- survive salinities approaching that of seawatere0
- Value
- 400 mol m−3e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it was able to survive salinities approaching that of seawater, namely 400 mol m−3.”
t0“Melanthera biflora”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot potassium concentrations were maintained up to 400 mol m−3 salinity.
- Taxon
- Melanthera bifloraWollastonia biflorat0
- Outcome
- Shoot potassium concentrationse0
- Direction
- maintainede0
- Qualifier
- salinities up to 400 mol m−3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot potassium concentrations were maintained over a range of salinities up to 400 mol m−3”
t0“Melanthera biflora”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium and chloride accumulation followed external osmotic pressure.
- Taxon
- Melanthera bifloraWollastonia biflorat0
- Outcome
- sodium and chloride accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- external osmotic pressuree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sodium and chloride accumulation followed closely the increase in external osmotic pressure.”
t0“Melanthera biflora”
Claim · model-written summary
Water-stressed leaf sap osmotic pressure rose mainly as the fresh to dry weight ratio fell.
- Taxon
- Melanthera bifloraWollastonia biflorae0
- Treatment
- water stresse0
- Outcome
- increase in osmotic pressure of the leaf sape0
- Qualifier
- decrease in the ratio of fresh weight/dry weighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the increase in osmotic pressure of the leaf sap of Melanthera biflora, subjected to water stress, was due mainly to a decrease in the ratio of fresh weight/dry weight.”
Claim · model-written summary
3-DMSP was identified as the main onium compound.
- Taxon
- Melanthera bifloraWollastonia biflorat0
- Outcome
- 3-DMSP being the main onium compounde0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“3-dimethylsulphoniopropionate (3-DMSP) and glycinebetaine were identified by fast atom bombardment mass and 1H -NMR spectroscopy, with 3-DMSP being the main onium compound”
t0“Melanthera biflora”
Claim · model-written summary
Glycinebetaine was absent in some accessions.
- Taxon
- Melanthera bifloraWollastonia biflorat0
- Outcome
- glycinebetaine absent in some accessionse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glycinebetaine absent in some accessions.”
t0“Melanthera biflora”
Claim · model-written summary
Onium compounds and proline increased during salt and water stress, mainly with reduced fresh to dry weight ratio.
- Taxon
- Melanthera bifloraWollastonia biflorat0
- Treatment
- salt and water stresse0
- Outcome
- Onium (quaternary ammonium and/or tertiary sulphonium) compounds and proline increasede0
- Qualifier
- decrease in the fresh weight/dry weight ratio of tissuee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Onium (quaternary ammonium and/or tertiary sulphonium) compounds and proline increased during salt and water stress due mainly to a decrease in the fresh weight/dry weight ratio of tissue”
t0“Melanthera biflora”
Claim · model-written summary
Part of the salt-stress increase came from increased onium compound accumulation.
- Taxon
- Melanthera bifloraWollastonia biflorat0
- Outcome
- increase in salt-stressed tissuee0
- Qualifier
- increase in the accumulation of the onium compounde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“part of the increase in salt-stressed tissue was due to an increase in the accumulation of the onium compound.”
t0“Melanthera biflora”
Claim · model-written summary
Low sulphur supply inhibited the salt-induced increase in 3-DMSP.
- Taxon
- Melanthera bifloraWollastonia biflorat0
- Treatment
- low sulphur supplye0
- Outcome
- salt-induced increase in 3-DMSPe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This salt-induced increase in 3-DMSP was inhibited in conditions of low sulphur supply”
t0“Melanthera biflora”
Claim · model-written summary
Low sulphur supply brought no compensatory proline increase.
- Taxon
- Melanthera bifloraWollastonia biflorat0
- Outcome
- no compensatory increase in prolinee0
- Direction
- no compensatory increasee0
- Qualifier
- low sulphur supplye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This salt-induced increase in 3-DMSP was inhibited in conditions of low sulphur supply and there was no compensatory increase in proline.”
t0“Melanthera biflora”