Abstract
Annually, plants produce about 180 billion tons of cellulose making it the largest reservoir of organic carbon on Earth. Cellulose is a linear homopolymer of beta(1-4)-linked glucose residues. The coordinated synthesis of glucose chains is orchestrated by specific plasma membrane-bound cellulose synthase complexes (CelS). The CelS is postulated to be composed of approximately 36 cellulose synthase (CESA) subunits. The CelS synthesizes 36 glucose chains in close proximity before they are further organized into microfibrils that are further associated with other cell wall polymers. The 36 glucose chains in a microfibril are stabilized by intra- and inter-hydrogen bonding which confer great stability on microfibrils. Several elementary microfibrils come together to form macrofibrils. Many CESA isoforms appear to be involved in the cellulose biosynthetic process and at least three types of CESA isoforms appear to be necessary for the functional organization of CelS in higher plants.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
The cellulose synthase complex is postulated to contain about 36 CESA subunits.
- Taxon
- higher plantsEmbryophytat0
- Gene
- cellulose synthase (CESA)e0
- Outcome
- CelSe0
- Value
- approximately 36 cellulose synthase (CESA) subunitse0
Verbatim
t0“higher plants”
e0“The CelS is postulated to be composed of approximately 36 cellulose synthase (CESA) subunits”
Claim · model-written summary
Cellulose synthase complexes synthesize 36 nearby glucose chains before their organization into microfibrils.
- Taxon
- higher plantsEmbryophytat0
- Gene
- CelSe0
- Outcome
- 36 glucose chains in close proximitye0
- Qualifier
- further organized into microfibrilse0
Verbatim
t0“higher plants”
e0“The CelS synthesizes 36 glucose chains in close proximity before they are further organized into microfibrils”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogen bonds stabilize the 36 glucose chains in a microfibril.
- Taxon
- higher plantsEmbryophytat0
- Outcome
- great stability on microfibrilse0
- Qualifier
- intra- and inter-hydrogen bondinge0
Verbatim
t0“higher plants”
e0“The 36 glucose chains in a microfibril are stabilized by intra- and inter-hydrogen bonding which confer great stability on microfibrils”
Claim · model-written summary
At least three CESA isoform types appear necessary for functional cellulose synthase complex organization.
- Taxon
- higher plantsEmbryophytae0
- Gene
- CESA isoformse0
- Outcome
- functional organization of CelSe0
- Value
- at least three typese0
Verbatim
e0“at least three types of CESA isoforms appear to be necessary for the functional organization of CelS in higher plants”