Abstract
Plants use pattern recognition receptors to defend themselves from microbial pathogens. These receptors recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and activate signaling pathways that lead to immunity. In rice (Oryza sativa), the chitin elicitor binding protein (CEBiP) recognizes chitin oligosaccharides released from the cell walls of fungal pathogens. Here, we show that the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae overcomes this first line of plant defense by secreting an effector protein, Secreted LysM Protein1 (Slp1), during invasion of new rice cells. We demonstrate that Slp1 accumulates at the interface between the fungal cell wall and the rice plasma membrane, can bind to chitin, and is able to suppress chitin-induced plant immune responses, including generation of reactive oxygen species and plant defense gene expression. Furthermore, we show that Slp1 competes with CEBiP for binding of chitin oligosaccharides. Slp1 is required by M. oryzae for full virulence and exerts a significant effect on tissue invasion and disease lesion expansion. By contrast, gene silencing of CEBiP in rice allows M. oryzae to cause rice blast disease in the absence of Slp1. We propose that Slp1 sequesters chitin oligosaccharides to prevent PAMP-triggered immunity in rice, thereby facilitating rapid spread of the fungus within host tissue.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Slp1 suppresses chitin-induced immune responses in rice, including reactive oxygen species generation and defense gene expression.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- Secreted LysM Protein1 (Slp1)e1
- Outcome
- chitin-induced plant immune responsese2
- Direction
- suppresse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rice (Oryza sativa), the chitin elicitor binding protein (CEBiP) recognizes chitin oligosaccharides released from the cell walls of fungal pathogens”
e1“secreting an effector protein, Secreted LysM Protein1 (Slp1), during invasion of new rice cells”
e2“is able to suppress chitin-induced plant immune responses, including generation of reactive oxygen species and plant defense gene expression”
Claim · model-written summary
Slp1 accumulates at the interface between the fungal cell wall and the rice plasma membrane.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- Slp1e3
- Outcome
- accumulates at the interface between the fungal cell wall and the rice plasma membranee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rice (Oryza sativa), the chitin elicitor binding protein (CEBiP) recognizes chitin oligosaccharides released from the cell walls of fungal pathogens”
e3“Slp1 accumulates at the interface between the fungal cell wall and the rice plasma membrane, can bind to chitin”
Claim · model-written summary
Slp1 can bind chitin.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- Slp1e3
- Outcome
- bind to chitine3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rice (Oryza sativa), the chitin elicitor binding protein (CEBiP) recognizes chitin oligosaccharides released from the cell walls of fungal pathogens”
e3“Slp1 accumulates at the interface between the fungal cell wall and the rice plasma membrane, can bind to chitin”
Claim · model-written summary
Slp1 competes with CEBiP for binding of chitin oligosaccharides.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- CEBiPe4
- Outcome
- binding of chitin oligosaccharidese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rice (Oryza sativa), the chitin elicitor binding protein (CEBiP) recognizes chitin oligosaccharides released from the cell walls of fungal pathogens”
e4“Slp1 competes with CEBiP for binding of chitin oligosaccharides”
Claim · model-written summary
Slp1 is required by Magnaporthe oryzae for full virulence in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Slp1e5
- Interactor
- M. oryzae
Pyricularia oryzaee5pathogen - Outcome
- full virulencee5
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rice (Oryza sativa), the chitin elicitor binding protein (CEBiP) recognizes chitin oligosaccharides released from the cell walls of fungal pathogens”
e5“Slp1 is required by M. oryzae for full virulence and exerts a significant effect on tissue invasion and disease lesion expansion”
Claim · model-written summary
Slp1 has a significant effect on tissue invasion and disease lesion expansion, direction not stated.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Slp1e5
- Outcome
- tissue invasion and disease lesion expansione5
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rice (Oryza sativa), the chitin elicitor binding protein (CEBiP) recognizes chitin oligosaccharides released from the cell walls of fungal pathogens”
e5“Slp1 is required by M. oryzae for full virulence and exerts a significant effect on tissue invasion and disease lesion expansion”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing CEBiP in rice allows Magnaporthe oryzae to cause rice blast disease in the absence of Slp1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae6
- Treatment
- gene silencing of CEBiPe6
- Interactor
- M. oryzaePyricularia oryzaee6pathogen
- Outcome
- rice blast diseasee6
- Direction
- allowse6
- Qualifier
- in the absence of Slp1e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“gene silencing of CEBiP in rice allows M. oryzae to cause rice blast disease in the absence of Slp1”
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See all 67 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.