Abstract
SUMMARY The effects of phosphorus fertilizer and the insecticide carbofuran on the growth and N 2 -fixation of Azolla pinnata and on the growth, grain yield and nitrogen uptake of intercropped rice were examined in a wet and a dry season. Treatment with phosphorus or carbofuran increased the biomass of Azolla and the amount of nitrogen fixed (nitrogen yield) in both seasons, but the response was much better in the dry season. Azolla inoculation at 1.0 t ha −1 resulted in a greater bio mass and nitrogen yield than inoculation at 0.5 t ha −1 . In the dry season, a combination of phosphorus and carbofuran enhanced the growth and N 2 -fixation of Azolla more than either treatment alone. Carbofuran treatment slowed the rate of decomposition of Azolla , particularly in the dry season. The plant height, leaf area index and dry matter production of rice at flowering time were increased in the plots treated with phosphorus or carbofuran in the wet season and these treatments increased rice grain yield and nitrogen uptake in both the wet and dry seasons.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus increased Azolla biomass and fixed nitrogen in both seasons.
- Treatment
- phosphoruse0
- Outcome
- biomass of Azolla and the amount of nitrogen fixede0
- Direction
- increasede0
AzollaNot reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment with phosphorus or carbofuran increased the biomass of Azolla and the amount of nitrogen fixed (nitrogen yield) in both seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbofuran increased Azolla biomass and fixed nitrogen in both seasons.
- Treatment
- carbofurane0
- Outcome
- biomass of Azolla and the amount of nitrogen fixede0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment with phosphorus or carbofuran increased the biomass of Azolla and the amount of nitrogen fixed (nitrogen yield) in both seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Azolla inoculation at 1.0 t ha −1 gave greater biomass and nitrogen yield than 0.5 t ha −1.
- Treatment
- Azolla inoculation at 1.0 t ha −1e0
- Outcome
- bio mass and nitrogen yielde0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- inoculation at 0.5 t ha −1e0
Not reportedValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Azolla inoculation at 1.0 t ha −1 resulted in a greater bio mass and nitrogen yield than inoculation at 0.5 t ha −1”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined phosphorus and carbofuran enhanced Azolla growth and nitrogen fixation more than either alone in the dry season.
- Treatment
- combination of phosphorus and carbofurane0
- Outcome
- growth and N 2 -fixatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- either treatment alonee0
Not reportedValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the dry season, a combination of phosphorus and carbofuran enhanced the growth and N 2 -fixation of Azolla more than either treatment alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbofuran slowed Azolla decomposition, especially in the dry season.
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Carbofuran treatment slowed the rate of decomposition of Azolla , particularly in the dry season”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus increased rice height, leaf area index, and dry matter at flowering in the wet season.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- phosphoruse0
- Outcome
- plant height, leaf area index and dry matter productione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The plant height, leaf area index and dry matter production of rice at flowering time were increased in the plots treated with phosphorus or carbofuran in the wet season”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbofuran increased rice height, leaf area index, and dry matter at flowering in the wet season.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- carbofurane0
- Outcome
- plant height, leaf area index and dry matter productione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The plant height, leaf area index and dry matter production of rice at flowering time were increased in the plots treated with phosphorus or carbofuran in the wet season”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus increased rice grain yield and nitrogen uptake in both seasons.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- phosphoruse0
- Outcome
- rice grain yield and nitrogen uptakee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The plant height, leaf area index and dry matter production of rice at flowering time were increased in the plots treated with phosphorus or carbofuran in the wet season and these treatments increased rice grain yield and nitrogen uptake in both the wet and dry seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbofuran increased rice grain yield and nitrogen uptake in both seasons.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- carbofurane0
- Outcome
- rice grain yield and nitrogen uptakee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The plant height, leaf area index and dry matter production of rice at flowering time were increased in the plots treated with phosphorus or carbofuran in the wet season and these treatments increased rice grain yield and nitrogen uptake in both the wet and dry seasons”
The same questions in other papers
carbofuran · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
23 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
20 papers more in this group
See all 24 papers →inoculation · yield · Azolla (mosquito ferns)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
phosphorus · growth · Azolla (mosquito ferns)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
phosphorus · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
418 papers in the same direction as this paper · 46 in the opposite direction · 10 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- no effect
471 papers more in this group
See all 475 papers →phosphorus · symbiosis · Azolla (mosquito ferns)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.