Abstract
Etiolated wheat (Triticum aestivum cv Mercia) leaf protoplasts respond to brief red-light irradiation by increasing in volume over a 10-min incubation period (M.E. Bossen, H.A. Dassen, R.E. Kendrick, W.J. Vredenberg [1988] Planta 174: 94-100). When the calcium-sensitive dye Fluo-3 was incorporated into these protoplasts, red-light irradiation initiated calcium transients lasting about 2 min (P.S. Shacklock, N.D. Read, A.J. Trewavas [1992] Nature 358: 153-155). Release of calcium in the protoplasts by photolysis of incorporated 1-{2-amino-5-[1-hydroxy-1-(2-nitro-4, 5-methylenedioxyphenyl)-methyl]-phenoxy}-2-(2[prime]-amino-5[prime]-methylp henoxy)-ethane-N,N, N[prime],N[prime] -tetraccetic acid, tetrasodium salt (caged calcium) or caged inositol trisphosphate frequently induced transient increases in intracellular calcium levels, although the kinetics of these changes showed variation between experiments. Upon exposure to red light, a pronounced increase in the phosphorylation of a 70-kD and to a lesser extent a 60-kD peptide was observed, commencing within 15 s and continuing for up to 2 min. Simultaneous far-red and red irradiation attenuated the response. Upon release of incorporated caged calcium by cage photolysis, the labeling of these two peptides was greatly increased. When incorporated caged inositol trisphosphate was photolyzed, only the labeling of the 70-kD peptide was enhanced. Phosphorylation of the 70-kD peptide was also increased when extracellular calcium was elevated, but it decreased with increasing extracellular EGTA. These data thus provide direct evidence for the operation of an in vivo transduction sequence involving red light-dependent, calcium-sensitive protein phosphorylation.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Caged calcium or inositol trisphosphate photolysis frequently caused transient intracellular calcium increases.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- caged calciume0
- Outcome
- intracellular calcium levelse0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Release of calcium in the protoplasts by photolysis of incorporated 1-{2-amino-5-[1-hydroxy-1-(2-nitro-4, 5-methylenedioxyphenyl)-methyl]-phenoxy}-2-(2[prime]-amino-5[prime]-methylp henoxy)-ethane-N,N, N[prime],N[prime] -tetraccetic acid, tetrasodium salt (caged calcium) or caged inositol trisphosphate frequently induced transient increases in intracellular calcium levels”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Red light increased phosphorylation of the 70-kD peptide within 15 seconds for up to 2 minutes.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- red lighte0
- Gene
- 70-kDe0
- Outcome
- phosphorylation of a 70-kDe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- commencing within 15 s and continuing for up to 2 mine0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Upon exposure to red light, a pronounced increase in the phosphorylation of a 70-kD and to a lesser extent a 60-kD peptide was observed, commencing within 15 s and continuing for up to 2 min.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Red light increased phosphorylation of the 60-kD peptide less strongly.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- red lighte0
- Gene
- 60-kDe0
- Outcome
- phosphorylatione0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- to a lesser extente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Upon exposure to red light, a pronounced increase in the phosphorylation of a 70-kD and to a lesser extent a 60-kD peptide was observed”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Simultaneous far-red light attenuated the red-light phosphorylation response.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Simultaneous far-red and red irradiatione0
- Outcome
- responsee0
- Direction
- attenuatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Simultaneous far-red and red irradiation attenuated the response.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Release of caged calcium greatly increased labeling of both peptides.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- release of incorporated caged calcium by cage photolysise0
- Outcome
- labeling of these two peptidese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Upon release of incorporated caged calcium by cage photolysis, the labeling of these two peptides was greatly increased.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Photolysis of caged inositol trisphosphate enhanced labeling only of the 70-kD peptide.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- incorporated caged inositol trisphosphate was photolyzede0
- Gene
- 70-kDe0
- Outcome
- labeling of the 70-kD peptidee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When incorporated caged inositol trisphosphate was photolyzed, only the labeling of the 70-kD peptide was enhanced.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated extracellular calcium increased phosphorylation of the 70-kD peptide.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- extracellular calcium was elevatede0
- Gene
- 70-kDe0
- Outcome
- Phosphorylation of the 70-kD peptidee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phosphorylation of the 70-kD peptide was also increased when extracellular calcium was elevated”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing extracellular EGTA decreased phosphorylation of the 70-kD peptide.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- extracellular EGTAe0
- Outcome
- ite0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but it decreased with increasing extracellular EGTA.”
t0“wheat”
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See all 20 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.