Abstract
Despite substantial evidence showing the ammonium-altered redox homeostasis in plants, the involvement and molecular mechanism of heme-heme oxygenase 1 (heme-HO1), a novel antioxidant system, in the regulation of ammonium tolerance remain elusive. To fill in these gaps, the biological function of rice HO1 (OsSE5) was investigated. Results showed that NH4 Cl up-regulated rice OsSE5 expression. Oxidative stress and subsequent growth inhibition induced by excess NH4 Cl was partly mitigated by pretreatment with carbon monoxide (CO, a by-product of HO1 activity) or intensified by zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP, a potent inhibitor of HO1 activity). Pretreatment with HO1 inducer hemin, not only up-regulated OsSE5 expression and HO activity, but also rescued the down-regulation of antioxidant transcripts, total and related isozymatic activities, thus significantly counteracting the excess NH4 Cl-triggered reactive oxygen species overproduction, lipid peroxidation and growth inhibition. OsSE5 RNAi transgenic rice plants revealed NH4 Cl-hypersensitive phenotype with impaired antioxidant defence, both of which could be rescued by CO but not hemin. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants over-expressing OsSE5 also exhibited enhanced tolerance to NH4 Cl, which might be attributed to the up-regulation of several antioxidant transcripts. Altogether, these results illustrated the involvement of heme-HO1 system in ammonium tolerance by enhancing antioxidant defence, which may improve plant tolerance to excess ammonium fertilizer.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
NH4Cl up-regulated rice OsSE5 expression.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- NH4 Cle0
- Gene
- OsSE5e0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Oryza sativa”
e0“NH4 Cl up-regulated rice OsSE5 expression”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbon monoxide pretreatment partly mitigated the oxidative stress and growth inhibition induced by excess NH4Cl in rice.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- pretreatment with carbon monoxidee1
- Outcome
- Oxidative stress and subsequent growth inhibitione1
- Direction
- mitigatede1
- Comparator
- excess NH4 Cle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Oryza sativa”
e1“Oxidative stress and subsequent growth inhibition induced by excess NH4 Cl was partly mitigated by pretreatment with carbon monoxide”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc protoporphyrin, an HO1 inhibitor, intensified the oxidative stress and growth inhibition induced by excess NH4Cl in rice.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- zinc protoporphyrine2
- Outcome
- Oxidative stress and subsequent growth inhibitione1
- Direction
- intensifiede2
- Comparator
- excess NH4 Cle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Oryza sativa”
e1“Oxidative stress and subsequent growth inhibition induced by excess NH4 Cl was partly mitigated by pretreatment with carbon monoxide”
e2“intensified by zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP, a potent inhibitor of HO1 activity)”
Claim · model-written summary
Hemin pretreatment up-regulated OsSE5 expression and HO activity in rice.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- HO1 inducer hemine3
- Gene
- OsSE5e3
- Outcome
- OsSE5 expression and HO activitye3
- Direction
- up-regulatede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Oryza sativa”
e3“Pretreatment with HO1 inducer hemin, not only up-regulated OsSE5 expression and HO activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Hemin rescued the down-regulation of antioxidant transcripts and total and related isozymatic activities in NH4Cl-treated rice.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- hemine3
- Outcome
- antioxidant transcripts, total and related isozymatic activitiese4
- Direction
- rescuede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Oryza sativa”
e3“Pretreatment with HO1 inducer hemin, not only up-regulated OsSE5 expression and HO activity”
e4“rescued the down-regulation of antioxidant transcripts, total and related isozymatic activities”
Claim · model-written summary
Hemin significantly counteracted the excess NH4Cl-triggered rise in reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation and growth inhibition in rice.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- hemine3
- Outcome
- reactive oxygen species overproduction, lipid peroxidation and growth inhibitione5
- Direction
- counteractinge5
- Comparator
- excess NH4 Cle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Oryza sativa”
e3“Pretreatment with HO1 inducer hemin, not only up-regulated OsSE5 expression and HO activity”
e5“thus significantly counteracting the excess NH4 Cl-triggered reactive oxygen species overproduction, lipid peroxidation and growth inhibition”
Claim · model-written summary
OsSE5 RNAi transgenic rice plants showed an NH4Cl-hypersensitive phenotype with impaired antioxidant defence.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Material
- OsSE5 RNAi transgenic rice plantse6
- Gene
- OsSE5e6
- Outcome
- NH4 Cl-hypersensitive phenotypee6
- Qualifier
- with impaired antioxidant defencee6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Oryza sativa”
e6“OsSE5 RNAi transgenic rice plants revealed NH4 Cl-hypersensitive phenotype with impaired antioxidant defence”
Claim · model-written summary
The NH4Cl-hypersensitive phenotype of OsSE5 RNAi rice was rescued by CO but not by hemin.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Material
- OsSE5 RNAi transgenic rice plantse6
- Treatment
- COe7
- Outcome
- antioxidant defencee6
- Direction
- rescuede7
- Comparator
- hemine7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Oryza sativa”
e6“OsSE5 RNAi transgenic rice plants revealed NH4 Cl-hypersensitive phenotype with impaired antioxidant defence”
e7“could be rescued by CO but not hemin”
Claim · model-written summary
Transgenic Arabidopsis over-expressing OsSE5 showed enhanced tolerance to NH4Cl.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Treatment
- over-expressing OsSE5e0
- Gene
- OsSE5e0
- Outcome
- tolerancee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transgenic Arabidopsis plants over-expressing OsSE5 also exhibited enhanced tolerance to NH4 Cl”
Claim · model-written summary
Enhanced NH4Cl tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis may be attributed to up-regulation of several antioxidant transcripts.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Outcome
- tolerancee0
- Qualifier
- up-regulation of several antioxidant transcriptse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transgenic Arabidopsis plants over-expressing OsSE5 also exhibited enhanced tolerance to NH4 Cl”
e1“which might be attributed to the up-regulation of several antioxidant transcripts”
Claim · model-written summary
The heme-HO1 system is involved in ammonium tolerance by enhancing antioxidant defence in rice.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Gene
- heme-HO1 systeme1
- Outcome
- ammonium tolerancee1
- Qualifier
- by enhancing antioxidant defencee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Oryza sativa”
e1“the involvement of heme-HO1 system in ammonium tolerance by enhancing antioxidant defence”
The same questions in other papers
carbon monoxide · physiology: oxidative · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.