Abstract
Enhancement of acyl-CoA-dependent triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis in vegetative tissues is widely discussed as a potential avenue to increase the energy density of crops. Here, we report the identification and characterization of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii diacylglycerol acyltransferase type two (DGTT) enzymes and use DGTT2 to alter acyl carbon partitioning in plant vegetative tissues. This enzyme can accept a broad range of acyl-CoA substrates, allowing us to interrogate different acyl pools in transgenic plants. Expression of DGTT2 in Arabidopsis thaliana increased leaf TAG content, with some molecular species containing very-long-chain fatty acids. The acyl compositions of sphingolipids and surface waxes were altered, and cutin was decreased. The increased carbon partitioning into TAGs in the leaves of DGTT2-expressing lines had little effect on transcripts of the sphingolipid/wax/cutin pathway, suggesting that the supply of acyl groups for the assembly of these lipids is not transcriptionally adjusted. Caterpillars of the generalist herbivore Spodoptera exigua reared on transgenic plants gained more weight. Thus, the nutritional value and/or energy density of the transgenic lines was increased by ectopic expression of DGTT2 and acyl groups were diverted from different pools into TAGs, demonstrating the interconnectivity of acyl metabolism in leaves.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
DGTT enzymes from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were identified and characterized.
- Taxon
- Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Chlamydomonas reinhardtiie0 - Gene
- diacylglycerol acyltransferase type two (DGTT) enzymese0
- Outcome
- identification and characterizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“identification and characterization of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii diacylglycerol acyltransferase type two (DGTT) enzymes”
Claim · model-written summary
The enzyme accepted a broad range of acyl-CoA substrates.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsist0 - Outcome
- accept a broad range of acyl-CoA substratese0
Not reportedGene
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis Leaves”
e0“This enzyme can accept a broad range of acyl-CoA substrates”
Claim · model-written summary
DGTT2 expression increased TAG content in Arabidopsis leaves.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Treatment
- Expression of DGTT2e0
- Gene
- DGTT2e0
- Outcome
- TAG contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Expression of DGTT2 in Arabidopsis thaliana increased leaf TAG content”
Claim · model-written summary
Some leaf TAG molecular species contained very-long-chain fatty acids.
- Outcome
- molecular species containing very-long-chain fatty acidse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“some molecular species containing very-long-chain fatty acids”
Claim · model-written summary
DGTT2 expression altered sphingolipid acyl composition.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Outcome
- acyl compositions of sphingolipidse0
- Direction
- alterede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis Leaves”
e0“The acyl compositions of sphingolipids and surface waxes were altered”
Claim · model-written summary
DGTT2 expression altered surface-wax acyl composition.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Outcome
- surface waxese0
- Direction
- alterede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis Leaves”
e0“The acyl compositions of sphingolipids and surface waxes were altered”
Claim · model-written summary
DGTT2 expression decreased cutin.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Outcome
- cutine0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis Leaves”
e0“and cutin was decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater leaf carbon partitioning into TAGs had little effect on sphingolipid, wax and cutin pathway transcripts.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- DGTT2-expressing linese0
- Outcome
- transcripts of the sphingolipid/wax/cutin pathwaye0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis Leaves”
e0“The increased carbon partitioning into TAGs in the leaves of DGTT2-expressing lines had little effect on transcripts of the sphingolipid/wax/cutin pathway”
Claim · model-written summary
Caterpillars of Spodoptera exigua gained more weight when reared on transgenic plants.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- transgenic plantse0
- Interactor
- Spodoptera exigua
Spodoptera exiguae0herbivore - Outcome
- Caterpillars of the generalist herbivore Spodoptera exigua reared on transgenic plants gained more weighte0
- Direction
- gained more weighte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis Leaves”
e0“Caterpillars of the generalist herbivore Spodoptera exigua reared on transgenic plants gained more weight”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors interpret DGTT2 expression as increasing nutritional value or energy density of the transgenic lines.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- DGTT2e0
- Outcome
- nutritional value and/or energy densitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis Leaves”
e0“the nutritional value and/or energy density of the transgenic lines was increased by ectopic expression of DGTT2”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors interpret DGTT2 expression as diverting acyl groups from different pools into TAGs.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Outcome
- acyl groups were diverted from different pools into TAGse0
- Qualifier
- from different poolse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis Leaves”
e0“acyl groups were diverted from different pools into TAGs”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 15 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.