Abstract
The decoction of the aerial part of Calotropis procera is commonly used in Saudi Arabian traditional medicine for the treatment of variety of diseases including fever, joint pain, muscular spasm and constipation. The present investigation was undertaken to confirm its claimed activity in traditional medicine. The ethanol extract of the plant was tested on laboratory animals for its antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, purgative and muscle relaxant activities. The results of this study showed a significant antipyretic, analgesic and neuromuscular blocking activity. On smooth muscle of guinea pig ileum, the extract produced contractions which was blocked by atropine supporting its use in constipation. The extract failed to produce significant anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. Our phytochemical studies on the aerial parts of C. procera showed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, sterols and/or triterpenes. However, the chemical constituents responsible for the pharmacological activities remains to be investigated. The safety evaluation studies revealed that the use of extract in single high doses (up to 3 g/kg) does not produce any visible toxic symptoms or mortality. However, prolong treatment (90 days) causes significantly higher mortality as compared to control group.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Calotropis extract had significant antipyretic, analgesic and neuromuscular blocking activity in laboratory animals.
- Taxon
- laboratory animalse1
- Treatment
- ethanol extracte1
- Outcome
- antipyretic, analgesic and neuromuscular blocking activitye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“The results of this study showed a significant antipyretic, analgesic and neuromuscular blocking activity.”
e1“The ethanol extract of the plant was tested on laboratory animals”
Claim · model-written summary
The extract produced guinea pig ileum contractions blocked by atropine.
- Taxon
- guinea pig
Cavia porcelluse0 - Organ / stage
- smooth musclee0
- Treatment
- extracte0
- Outcome
- contractionse0
- Qualifier
- blocked by atropinee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On smooth muscle of guinea pig ileum, the extract produced contractions which was blocked by atropine supporting its use in constipation.”
Claim · model-written summary
The extract did not produce significant anti-inflammatory or antibacterial activity.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“The extract failed to produce significant anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities.”
e1“The ethanol extract of the plant was tested on laboratory animals”
Claim · model-written summary
C. procera aerial parts contained alkaloids, cardiac glycosides and tannins.
- Taxon
- C. procera
.jpg?width=60)
Calotropis procerae0 - Organ / stage
- aerial partse0
- Outcome
- alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, tanninse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Our phytochemical studies on the aerial parts of C. procera showed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, sterols and/or triterpenes.”
Claim · model-written summary
C. procera aerial parts contained flavonoids and sterols and/or triterpenes.
- Taxon
- C. proceraCalotropis procerae0
- Organ / stage
- aerial partse0
- Outcome
- flavonoids, sterols and/or triterpenese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Our phytochemical studies on the aerial parts of C. procera showed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, sterols and/or triterpenes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Single extract doses up to 3 g/kg produced no visible toxic symptoms or mortality.
- Taxon
- laboratory animalse1
- Treatment
- extract in single high doses (up to 3 g/kg)e0
- Outcome
- visible toxic symptoms or mortalitye0
- Direction
- does not producee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The safety evaluation studies revealed that the use of extract in single high doses (up to 3 g/kg) does not produce any visible toxic symptoms or mortality.”
e1“The ethanol extract of the plant was tested on laboratory animals”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment for 90 days caused significantly higher mortality than controls.
Verbatim
e0“However, prolong treatment (90 days) causes significantly higher mortality as compared to control group.”
e1“The ethanol extract of the plant was tested on laboratory animals”