Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent a large receptor family involved in a broad spectrum of cell signaling. To understand signaling mechanisms mediated by GPCRs in Phytophthora sojae, we identified and characterized the PsGPR11 gene, which encodes a putative seven-transmembrane GPCR. An expression analysis revealed that PsGPR11 was differentially expressed during asexual development. The highest expression level occurred in zoospores and was upregulated during early infection. PsGPR11-deficienct transformants were obtained by gene silencing strategies. Silenced transformants exhibited no differences in hyphal growth or morphology, sporangium production or size, or mating behavior. However, the release of zoospores from sporangia was severely impaired in the silenced transformants, and about 50% of the sporangia did not completely release their zoospores. Zoospore encystment and germination were also impaired, and zoospores of the transformants lost their pathogenicity to soybean. In addition, no interaction was observed between PsGPR11 and PsGPA1 with a conventional yeast two-hybrid assay, and the transcriptional levels of some genes which were identified as being negatively regulated by PsGPA1 were not clearly altered in PsGPR11-silenced mutants. These results suggest that PsGPR11-mediated signaling controls P. sojae zoospore development and virulence through the pathways independent of G protein.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
PsGPR11 expression was highest in zoospores and rose during early infection.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe2 - Organ / stage
- zoosporese0
- Gene
- PsGPR11e1
- Outcome
- expression levele0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedInteractor
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest expression level occurred in zoospores and was upregulated during early infection”
e1“PsGPR11 was differentially expressed during asexual development”
e2“pathogenicity to soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing PsGPR11 did not change hyphal growth, morphology, or sporangium production and size.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe2
- Treatment
- gene silencinge1
- Interactor
- Phytophthora sojaePhytophthora sojaee3pathogen
- Gene
- PsGPR11e1
- Outcome
- hyphal growth or morphology, sporangium production or sizee0
- Direction
- no differencese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Silenced transformants exhibited no differences in hyphal growth or morphology, sporangium production or size”
e1“PsGPR11-deficienct transformants were obtained by gene silencing strategies”
e2“pathogenicity to soybean”
e3“in Phytophthora sojae”
Claim · model-written summary
PsGPR11 silencing did not change mating behavior.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe2
- Treatment
- Silenced transformantse1
- Interactor
- Phytophthora sojaePhytophthora sojaee3pathogen
- Outcome
- mating behaviore0
- Direction
- no differencese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“or mating behavior”
e1“Silenced transformants exhibited no differences in hyphal growth or morphology, sporangium production or size, or mating behavior”
e2“pathogenicity to soybean”
e3“in Phytophthora sojae”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing PsGPR11 severely impaired zoospore release; about half of sporangia did not release all zoospores.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- silenced transformantse0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora sojaePhytophthora sojaee2pathogen
- Outcome
- release of zoospores from sporangiae0
- Direction
- severely impairede0
- Value
- about 50%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the release of zoospores from sporangia was severely impaired in the silenced transformants, and about 50% of the sporangia did not completely release their zoospores”
e1“pathogenicity to soybean”
e2“in Phytophthora sojae”
Claim · model-written summary
Zoospore encystment and germination were impaired in silenced transformants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe2
- Treatment
- gene silencinge1
- Interactor
- Phytophthora sojaePhytophthora sojaee3pathogen
- Outcome
- Zoospore encystment and germinatione0
- Direction
- impairede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zoospore encystment and germination were also impaired”
e1“PsGPR11-deficienct transformants were obtained by gene silencing strategies”
e2“pathogenicity to soybean”
e3“in Phytophthora sojae”
Claim · model-written summary
Zoospores from silenced transformants lost pathogenicity to soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- gene silencinge1
- Interactor
- Phytophthora sojaePhytophthora sojaee2pathogen
- Outcome
- pathogenicity to soybeane0
- Direction
- loste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“zoospores of the transformants lost their pathogenicity to soybean”
e1“PsGPR11-deficienct transformants were obtained by gene silencing strategies”
e2“in Phytophthora sojae”
Claim · model-written summary
A conventional yeast two-hybrid assay found no interaction between PsGPR11 and PsGPA1.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Interactor
- Phytophthora sojaePhytophthora sojaee2pathogen
- Gene
- PsGPR11 and PsGPA1e0
- Outcome
- no interactione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no interaction was observed between PsGPR11 and PsGPA1 with a conventional yeast two-hybrid assay”
e1“pathogenicity to soybean”
e2“in Phytophthora sojae”
Claim · model-written summary
Transcription of some PsGPA1 negatively regulated genes was not clearly altered in PsGPR11-silenced mutants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- PsGPR11-silenced mutantse0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora sojaePhytophthora sojaee2pathogen
- Gene
- PsGPA1e0
- Outcome
- transcriptional levels of some genese0
- Direction
- not clearly alterede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the transcriptional levels of some genes which were identified as being negatively regulated by PsGPA1 were not clearly altered in PsGPR11-silenced mutants”
e1“pathogenicity to soybean”
e2“in Phytophthora sojae”
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- positive
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- no effect
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See all 24 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.