Abstract
If the carbon dioxide (CO(2)) concentration in the atmosphere changes in the future, as predicted, it could influence crops and insect pests. The growth and development of the tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera), reared on peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) foliage grown under elevated CO(2) (550 ppm and 700 ppm) concentrations in open top chambers at Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad, India, were examined in this study. Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen and higher polyphenols content expressed in terms of tannic acid equivalents were observed in the peanut foliage grown under elevated CO(2) levels. Substantial influence of elevated CO(2) on S. litura was noticed, such as longer larval duration, higher larval weights, and increased consumption of peanut foliage by S. litura larvae under elevated CO(2) compared with ambient CO(2). Relative consumption rate was significantly higher for S. litura larva fed plants grown at 550 and 700 ppm than for larvae fed plants grown at ambient condition. Decreased efficiency of conversion of ingested food, decreased efficiency of conversion of digested food, and decreased relative growth rate of larvae was observed under elevated CO(2). The present results indicate that elevated CO(2) levels altered the quality of the peanut foliage, resulting in higher consumption, lower digestive efficiency, slower growth, and longer time to pupation (one day more than ambient).
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated carbon dioxide lowered peanut leaf nitrogen.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeae0 - Treatment
- elevated CO(2)e1
- Outcome
- leaf nitrogene1
- Direction
- lowere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
e1“Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen and higher polyphenols content expressed in terms of tannic acid equivalents were observed in the peanut foliage grown under elevated CO(2) levels.”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated carbon dioxide raised peanut leaf carbon.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- elevated CO(2)e1
- Outcome
- carbone1
- Direction
- highere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
e1“Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen and higher polyphenols content expressed in terms of tannic acid equivalents were observed in the peanut foliage grown under elevated CO(2) levels.”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated carbon dioxide raised the peanut foliage carbon to nitrogen ratio.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- elevated CO(2)e1
- Outcome
- relative proportion of carbon to nitrogene1
- Direction
- highere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
e1“Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen and higher polyphenols content expressed in terms of tannic acid equivalents were observed in the peanut foliage grown under elevated CO(2) levels.”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated carbon dioxide raised peanut foliage polyphenol content.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- elevated CO(2)e1
- Outcome
- polyphenols contente1
- Direction
- highere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
e1“Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen and higher polyphenols content expressed in terms of tannic acid equivalents were observed in the peanut foliage grown under elevated CO(2) levels.”
Claim · model-written summary
Caterpillars fed elevated carbon dioxide peanut foliage had longer larval duration than under ambient carbon dioxide.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- elevated CO(2)e1
- Interactor
- S. litura
Spodoptera liturae1pest - Outcome
- larval duratione1
- Direction
- longere1
- Comparator
- ambient CO(2)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
e1“longer larval duration, higher larval weights, and increased consumption of peanut foliage by S. litura larvae under elevated CO(2) compared with ambient CO(2).”
Claim · model-written summary
Caterpillars fed elevated carbon dioxide peanut foliage had higher larval weights.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- elevated CO(2)e1
- Interactor
- S. lituraSpodoptera liturae1pest
- Outcome
- larval weightse1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- ambient CO(2)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
e1“longer larval duration, higher larval weights, and increased consumption of peanut foliage by S. litura larvae under elevated CO(2) compared with ambient CO(2).”
Claim · model-written summary
Caterpillars consumed more peanut foliage grown under elevated carbon dioxide.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- elevated CO(2)e1
- Interactor
- S. lituraSpodoptera liturae1pest
- Outcome
- consumption of peanut foliage by S. litura larvaee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- ambient CO(2)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
e1“longer larval duration, higher larval weights, and increased consumption of peanut foliage by S. litura larvae under elevated CO(2) compared with ambient CO(2).”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative consumption rate of S. litura larvae was higher on peanut plants grown at 550 and 700 ppm carbon dioxide than at ambient conditions.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- 550 and 700 ppme1
- Interactor
- S. lituraSpodoptera liturae1pest
- Outcome
- Relative consumption ratee1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- ambient conditione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
e1“Relative consumption rate was significantly higher for S. litura larva fed plants grown at 550 and 700 ppm than for larvae fed plants grown at ambient condition.”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated carbon dioxide peanut foliage lowered S. litura efficiency of conversion of ingested food.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- elevated CO(2)e1
- Interactor
- S. lituraSpodoptera liturae2pest
- Outcome
- efficiency of conversion of ingested foode1
- Direction
- Decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
e1“Decreased efficiency of conversion of ingested food, decreased efficiency of conversion of digested food, and decreased relative growth rate of larvae was observed under elevated CO(2).”
e2“longer larval duration, higher larval weights, and increased consumption of peanut foliage by S. litura larvae under elevated CO(2) compared with ambient CO(2).”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated carbon dioxide peanut foliage lowered S. litura efficiency of conversion of digested food.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- elevated CO(2)e1
- Interactor
- S. lituraSpodoptera liturae2pest
- Outcome
- efficiency of conversion of digested foode1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
e1“Decreased efficiency of conversion of ingested food, decreased efficiency of conversion of digested food, and decreased relative growth rate of larvae was observed under elevated CO(2).”
e2“longer larval duration, higher larval weights, and increased consumption of peanut foliage by S. litura larvae under elevated CO(2) compared with ambient CO(2).”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated carbon dioxide peanut foliage lowered relative growth rate of S. litura larvae.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- elevated CO(2)e1
- Interactor
- S. lituraSpodoptera liturae2pest
- Outcome
- relative growth rate of larvaee1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
e1“Decreased efficiency of conversion of ingested food, decreased efficiency of conversion of digested food, and decreased relative growth rate of larvae was observed under elevated CO(2).”
e2“longer larval duration, higher larval weights, and increased consumption of peanut foliage by S. litura larvae under elevated CO(2) compared with ambient CO(2).”
Claim · model-written summary
S. litura feeding on elevated carbon dioxide peanut foliage took one day longer to pupate than at ambient carbon dioxide.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- elevated CO(2)e2
- Interactor
- S. lituraSpodoptera liturae2pest
- Outcome
- time to pupatione1
- Direction
- longere1
- Value
- one daye1
- Comparator
- ambiente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
e1“longer time to pupation (one day more than ambient).”
e2“longer larval duration, higher larval weights, and increased consumption of peanut foliage by S. litura larvae under elevated CO(2) compared with ambient CO(2).”
The same questions in other papers
co2 · quality: phytochemicals · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
co2 · molecular: metabolites · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
co2 · nutrient: content · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
5 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →co2 · Spodoptera litura · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.