Abstract
The relationship between the growth and nutrient uptake by perennial crop such as pepper is poorly understood and improved understanding of such relationship is important for the establishment of rational crop management practices. In order to characterize the growth performance and quantify the nutrient removed, this study presents results of three consecutive cropping years, fertilized with 1, 2 and 3 ton ha -1 of NPK fertilizer respectively. Plant biomass accumulated was evaluated every two months, separating plant into stems, branches, leaves, berries, fruit spikes and flowers. Total biomass of pepper increased linearly and reach maximum at 22 months after planting. Thereafter, a decrease in dry matter was observed due to fruit export and fallen leaves at harvest. However, at the 28 months of planting, the biomass of pepper vine showing some increasing trend indicating the vegetative growth was reassumed for the next flowering. At 30 months, the pepper had removed 293.08 kg of nitrogen, 46.41 kg of phosphorus, 264.95 kg of potassium, 35.4 kg of magnesium and 74.82 kg of calcium. Based on data obtained, the nutrient uptake rates were lower than nutrient applied suggested that fertilizer had been overused for pepper production. In light of these results obtained, the optimum fertilizer dosage would be 62-10-62-6-18 kg/ha, 237-22-246-22-65 kg/ha and 390-62-352-47-100 kg/ha of N-P-K-Mg-Ca for the year 1, year 2 and year 3 of cropping year.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Pepper biomass increased linearly to a maximum at 22 months after planting.
Verbatim
e0“Total biomass of pepper increased linearly and reach maximum at 22 months after planting”
Claim · model-written summary
Pepper dry matter declined after the 22-month maximum due to fruit export and fallen leaves at harvest.
Verbatim
e0“Thereafter, a decrease in dry matter was observed due to fruit export and fallen leaves at harvest”
e1“Total biomass of pepper increased linearly”
Claim · model-written summary
Pepper vine biomass showed an increasing trend at 28 months, indicating renewed vegetative growth.
Verbatim
e0“at the 28 months of planting, the biomass of pepper vine showing some increasing trend indicating the vegetative growth was reassumed for the next flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
Pepper removed 293.08 kg of nitrogen at 30 months.
Verbatim
e0“At 30 months, the pepper had removed 293.08 kg of nitrogen, 46.41 kg of phosphorus, 264.95 kg of potassium, 35.4 kg of magnesium and 74.82 kg of calcium”
Claim · model-written summary
Pepper removed 46.41 kg of phosphorus at 30 months.
Verbatim
e0“At 30 months, the pepper had removed 293.08 kg of nitrogen, 46.41 kg of phosphorus, 264.95 kg of potassium, 35.4 kg of magnesium and 74.82 kg of calcium”
Claim · model-written summary
Pepper removed 264.95 kg of potassium at 30 months.
Verbatim
e0“At 30 months, the pepper had removed 293.08 kg of nitrogen, 46.41 kg of phosphorus, 264.95 kg of potassium, 35.4 kg of magnesium and 74.82 kg of calcium”
Claim · model-written summary
Pepper removed 35.4 kg of magnesium at 30 months.
Verbatim
e0“At 30 months, the pepper had removed 293.08 kg of nitrogen, 46.41 kg of phosphorus, 264.95 kg of potassium, 35.4 kg of magnesium and 74.82 kg of calcium”
Claim · model-written summary
Pepper removed 74.82 kg of calcium at 30 months.
Verbatim
e0“At 30 months, the pepper had removed 293.08 kg of nitrogen, 46.41 kg of phosphorus, 264.95 kg of potassium, 35.4 kg of magnesium and 74.82 kg of calcium”
Claim · model-written summary
Nutrient uptake rates were lower than nutrient application, suggesting fertilizer overuse.
Verbatim
e0“the nutrient uptake rates were lower than nutrient applied suggested that fertilizer had been overused for pepper production”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 62-10-62-6-18 kg/ha N-P-K-Mg-Ca in year 1.
Verbatim
e0“the optimum fertilizer dosage would be 62-10-62-6-18 kg/ha, 237-22-246-22-65 kg/ha and 390-62-352-47-100 kg/ha of N-P-K-Mg-Ca for the year 1, year 2 and year 3 of cropping year”
e1“pepper production”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 237-22-246-22-65 kg/ha N-P-K-Mg-Ca in year 2.
Verbatim
e0“the optimum fertilizer dosage would be 62-10-62-6-18 kg/ha, 237-22-246-22-65 kg/ha and 390-62-352-47-100 kg/ha of N-P-K-Mg-Ca for the year 1, year 2 and year 3 of cropping year”
e1“pepper production”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 390-62-352-47-100 kg/ha N-P-K-Mg-Ca in year 3.
Verbatim
e0“the optimum fertilizer dosage would be 62-10-62-6-18 kg/ha, 237-22-246-22-65 kg/ha and 390-62-352-47-100 kg/ha of N-P-K-Mg-Ca for the year 1, year 2 and year 3 of cropping year”
e1“pepper production”