Abstract
Incidence of Phomopsis vexans on farmers’ eggplant seeds collected from different areas of Bangladesh varied from 0.0 to 7.5%. The highest incidence of P. vexans (7.50 %) was recorded in cultivar Dohazari and Rupgonj L collected from Chandanish and Rupgonj, respectively. No incidence of P. vexans was observed in the cultivar Katabegun and Jessore-L collected from Pabna and Monirampur, respectively. Very low seed infection was recorded in the cultivar Shingnath, Bijoy, Ishurdi-Land Longla-long collected respectively from Chandina, Modhukhali, Ishurdi and Kulaura. Seeds collected from HRC of BARI had higher seed infection by P. vexans. Seed selection had a significant impact on the incidence of P. vexans. Use of apparently healthy seed was found effective in controlling damping off, tipover and seedling blight of eggplant. The least incidence of P. vexans (1.25%) and the highest germination (86.75%) were recorded in apparently healthy seed as against 6.5% seed infection and 60% seed germination recorded in farmer’s seed. In the net house, the least incidence of damping off, tipover and seedling blight were recorded in case of apparently healthy seed. Seed treatment with hot water (56 °C for 15 minutes), garlic (Allium cepa L) bulb extract and Allamanda (Allamanda cathertica L) leaf extract, Trichoderma harzianum CP, Trichoderma harzianum T22 and Bavistin were found promising in controlling seedling diseases in the nursery and in increasing the seed germination. Combinations of apparently healthy seed (T2), treated with garlic bulb extract (T3) and soil treated with T. harzianum CP (T11) completely controlled damping off, tipover and seedling blight in the nursery bed and increased seed germination by 48.83% over control. Keywords: Eggplant; incidence; seed; seedling; disease; Phomopsis vexans; management DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v9i1-2.9474 The Agriculturists 2011; 9(1&2): 8-17
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Phomopsis incidence in farmers’ eggplant seed varied from 0.0 to 7.5%.
- Taxon
- eggplant
Solanum melongenae0 - Interactor
- Phomopsis vexansDiaporthe vexanse0pathogen
- Outcome
- Incidence of Phomopsis vexanse0
- Value
- 0.0 to 7.5%e0
- Setting
- Bangladeshe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Incidence of Phomopsis vexans on farmers’ eggplant seeds collected from different areas of Bangladesh varied from 0.0 to 7.5%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dohazari seed had 7.50% P. vexans incidence.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Material
- Dohazarie0
- Interactor
- P. vexansDiaporthe vexanse0pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence of P. vexanse0
- Value
- 7.50 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest incidence of P. vexans (7.50 %) was recorded in cultivar Dohazari and Rupgonj L collected from Chandanish and Rupgonj, respectively.”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Rupgonj L seed had 7.50% P. vexans incidence.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Material
- Rupgonj Le0
- Interactor
- P. vexansDiaporthe vexanse0pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence of P. vexanse0
- Value
- 7.50 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest incidence of P. vexans (7.50 %) was recorded in cultivar Dohazari and Rupgonj L collected from Chandanish and Rupgonj, respectively.”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Katabegun seed had no observed P. vexans incidence.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Material
- Katabegune0
- Interactor
- P. vexansDiaporthe vexanse0pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence of P. vexanse0
- Direction
- Noe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No incidence of P. vexans was observed in the cultivar Katabegun and Jessore-L collected from Pabna and Monirampur, respectively.”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Jessore-L seed had no observed P. vexans incidence.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Material
- Jessore-Le0
- Interactor
- P. vexansDiaporthe vexanse0pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence of P. vexanse0
- Direction
- Noe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No incidence of P. vexans was observed in the cultivar Katabegun and Jessore-L collected from Pabna and Monirampur, respectively.”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Seeds from HRC of BARI had higher P. vexans infection.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Interactor
- P. vexansDiaporthe vexanse0pathogen
- Outcome
- seed infection by P. vexanse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Setting
- HRC of BARIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seeds collected from HRC of BARI had higher seed infection by P. vexans.”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed selection significantly affected P. vexans incidence.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- Seed selectione0
- Interactor
- P. vexansDiaporthe vexanse0pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence of P. vexanse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed selection had a significant impact on the incidence of P. vexans.”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Apparently healthy seed controlled eggplant seedling diseases.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- apparently healthy seede0
- Outcome
- damping off, tipover and seedling blighte0
- Direction
- controllinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Use of apparently healthy seed was found effective in controlling damping off, tipover and seedling blight of eggplant.”
Claim · model-written summary
Apparently healthy seed had 1.25% P. vexans incidence versus 6.5% in farmer seed.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- apparently healthy seede0
- Interactor
- P. vexansDiaporthe vexanse0pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence of P. vexanse0
- Direction
- leaste0
- Value
- 1.25%e0
- Qualifier
- 6.5% seed infectione0
- Comparator
- farmer’s seede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The least incidence of P. vexans (1.25%) and the highest germination (86.75%) were recorded in apparently healthy seed as against 6.5% seed infection and 60% seed germination recorded in farmer’s seed.”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Apparently healthy seed germinated at 86.75% versus 60% for farmer seed.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- apparently healthy seede0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 86.75%e0
- Qualifier
- 60% seed germinatione0
- Comparator
- farmer’s seede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The least incidence of P. vexans (1.25%) and the highest germination (86.75%) were recorded in apparently healthy seed as against 6.5% seed infection and 60% seed germination recorded in farmer’s seed.”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Apparently healthy seed minimized damping off, tipover and seedling blight in the net house.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- apparently healthy seede0
- Outcome
- incidence of damping off, tipover and seedling blighte0
- Direction
- leaste0
- Setting
- net housee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the net house, the least incidence of damping off, tipover and seedling blight were recorded in case of apparently healthy seed.”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Hot water treatment was promising for disease control and seed germination.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- hot water (56 °C for 15 minutes)e0
- Outcome
- seedling diseases in the nurserye0
- Direction
- controllinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed treatment with hot water (56 °C for 15 minutes), garlic (Allium cepa L) bulb extract and Allamanda (Allamanda cathertica L) leaf extract, Trichoderma harzianum CP, Trichoderma harzianum T22 and Bavistin were found promising in controlling seedling diseases in the nursery and in increasing the seed germination.”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic bulb extract was promising for seedling disease control.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- garlic (Allium cepa L) bulb extracte0
- Outcome
- seedling diseases in the nurserye0
- Direction
- controllinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“garlic (Allium cepa L) bulb extract and Allamanda (Allamanda cathertica L) leaf extract, Trichoderma harzianum CP, Trichoderma harzianum T22 and Bavistin were found promising in controlling seedling diseases in the nursery and in increasing the seed germination.”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Allamanda leaf extract was promising for seedling disease control.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- Allamanda (Allamanda cathertica L) leaf extracte0
- Outcome
- seedling diseases in the nurserye0
- Direction
- controllinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Allamanda (Allamanda cathertica L) leaf extract, Trichoderma harzianum CP, Trichoderma harzianum T22 and Bavistin were found promising in controlling seedling diseases in the nursery and in increasing the seed germination.”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma harzianum CP was promising for seedling disease control.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma harzianum CPe0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma harzianum CP
Trichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- seedling diseases in the nurserye0
- Direction
- controllinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trichoderma harzianum CP, Trichoderma harzianum T22 and Bavistin were found promising in controlling seedling diseases in the nursery and in increasing the seed germination.”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma harzianum T22 was promising for seedling disease control.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma harzianum T22e0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma harzianum T22Trichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- seedling diseases in the nurserye0
- Direction
- controllinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trichoderma harzianum T22 and Bavistin were found promising in controlling seedling diseases in the nursery and in increasing the seed germination.”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Bavistin was promising for seedling disease control.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- Bavistine0
- Outcome
- seedling diseases in the nurserye0
- Direction
- controllinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bavistin were found promising in controlling seedling diseases in the nursery and in increasing the seed germination.”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
A combined healthy-seed, garlic-extract and soil Trichoderma treatment fully controlled three seedling diseases.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- apparently healthy seed (T2), treated with garlic bulb extract (T3) and soil treated with T. harzianum CP (T11)e0
- Interactor
- T. harzianum CPTrichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- damping off, tipover and seedling blighte0
- Direction
- completely controllede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combinations of apparently healthy seed (T2), treated with garlic bulb extract (T3) and soil treated with T. harzianum CP (T11) completely controlled damping off, tipover and seedling blight in the nursery bed and increased seed germination by 48.83% over control.”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment increased seed germination by 48.83% over control.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- apparently healthy seed (T2), treated with garlic bulb extract (T3) and soil treated with T. harzianum CP (T11)e0
- Interactor
- T. harzianum CPTrichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- seed germinatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 48.83%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combinations of apparently healthy seed (T2), treated with garlic bulb extract (T3) and soil treated with T. harzianum CP (T11) completely controlled damping off, tipover and seedling blight in the nursery bed and increased seed germination by 48.83% over control.”
t0“Eggplant”
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