Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an important environmental pollutant that exerts harmful effects on all living organisms when in excess. In an effort to remove this toxin in situ, a bacterial Cu-binding protein gene CusF was engineered to target CusF for secretion to the cell wall and vacuoles and for accumulation in the cytoplasm. Analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed that CusF was functionally active and that plants expressing cell wall- (CusFcw transgenic lines) or vacuole-targeted CusF (CusFvac transgenic lines) were more resistant to Cu excess than untransformed plants and plants with cytoplasmic CusF (CusFcyto transgenic lines). Under short-term (48 h) exposure to Cu excess, CusFcw transgenic lines showed up to 2-fold increased Cu accumulation in roots compared with the untransformed plants; however, CusFcyto lines and the wild-type plants had similar Cu concentrations in both roots and shoots. Under long-term (40 d) exposure to Cu excess, all transgenic lines accumulated more Cu (up to 3-fold) in roots than the untransformed plants, whereas only CusFcyto lines showed a marked increase (∼3-fold of the wild-type plants) of Cu accumulation in shoots. In addition, expression of CusF in the cytosol dramatically enhanced Cu transport from roots to shoots when compared with plants with secretory pathway-targeted CusF. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of Cu tolerance and accumulation by engineering Cu-binding proteins targetable to subcellular compartments and provide new insights into the multifaceted mechanisms of Cu partitioning between roots and shoots.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
CusF targeted to the cell wall or vacuole made transgenic Arabidopsis more resistant to Cu excess than untransformed plants and cytoplasmic CusF plants.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Material
- CusFcw transgenic linese1
- Treatment
- Cu excesse1
- Gene
- CusFe0
- Outcome
- resistant to Cu excesse1
- Direction
- more resistante1
- Comparator
- untransformed plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed that CusF was functionally active”
e1“plants expressing cell wall- (CusFcw transgenic lines) or vacuole-targeted CusF (CusFvac transgenic lines) were more resistant to Cu excess than untransformed plants and plants with cytoplasmic CusF (CusFcyto transgenic lines)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under 48 h Cu excess, CusFcw transgenic lines showed up to 2-fold increased Cu accumulation in roots compared with untransformed plants.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Material
- CusFcw transgenic linese2
- Organ / stage
- rootse2
- Treatment
- Cu excesse2
- Outcome
- Cu accumulation in rootse2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 2-folde2
- Qualifier
- 48 he2
- Comparator
- untransformed plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed that CusF was functionally active”
e2“Under short-term (48 h) exposure to Cu excess, CusFcw transgenic lines showed up to 2-fold increased Cu accumulation in roots compared with the untransformed plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Under 48 h Cu excess, CusFcyto lines and wild-type plants had similar Cu concentrations in roots and shoots.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Material
- CusFcyto linese3
- Treatment
- Cu excesse2
- Outcome
- Cu concentrations in both roots and shootse3
- Direction
- similare3
- Qualifier
- 48 he2
- Comparator
- wild-type plantse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed that CusF was functionally active”
e2“Under short-term (48 h) exposure to Cu excess, CusFcw transgenic lines showed up to 2-fold increased Cu accumulation in roots compared with the untransformed plants”
e3“however, CusFcyto lines and the wild-type plants had similar Cu concentrations in both roots and shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
Under 40 d Cu excess, all transgenic lines accumulated more Cu in roots than untransformed plants, up to 3-fold.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Material
- all transgenic linese4
- Organ / stage
- rootse4
- Treatment
- Cu excesse4
- Outcome
- accumulated more Cue4
- Direction
- moree4
- Value
- up to 3-folde4
- Qualifier
- 40 de4
- Comparator
- untransformed plantse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed that CusF was functionally active”
e4“Under long-term (40 d) exposure to Cu excess, all transgenic lines accumulated more Cu (up to 3-fold) in roots than the untransformed plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Under 40 d Cu excess, only CusFcyto lines showed a marked increase, about 3-fold over wild-type, in Cu accumulation in shoots.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Material
- CusFcyto linese5
- Organ / stage
- shootse5
- Treatment
- Cu excesse4
- Outcome
- Cu accumulation in shootse5
- Direction
- marked increasee5
- Value
- 3-folde5
- Qualifier
- 40 de4
- Comparator
- wild-type plantse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed that CusF was functionally active”
e4“Under long-term (40 d) exposure to Cu excess, all transgenic lines accumulated more Cu (up to 3-fold) in roots than the untransformed plants”
e5“whereas only CusFcyto lines showed a marked increase (∼3-fold of the wild-type plants) of Cu accumulation in shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
Expression of CusF in the cytosol dramatically enhanced Cu transport from roots to shoots compared with secretory pathway-targeted CusF.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- expression of CusF in the cytosole6
- Gene
- CusFe6
- Outcome
- Cu transport from roots to shootse6
- Direction
- enhancede6
- Comparator
- plants with secretory pathway-targeted CusFe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed that CusF was functionally active”
e6“In addition, expression of CusF in the cytosol dramatically enhanced Cu transport from roots to shoots when compared with plants with secretory pathway-targeted CusF”
Claim · model-written summary
Engineering Cu-binding proteins targetable to subcellular compartments makes Cu tolerance and accumulation feasible in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Outcome
- feasibility of Cu tolerance and accumulatione7
- Qualifier
- engineering Cu-binding proteins targetable to subcellular compartmentse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed that CusF was functionally active”
e7“Our results demonstrate the feasibility of Cu tolerance and accumulation by engineering Cu-binding proteins targetable to subcellular compartments”
The same questions in other papers
transgenic · nutrient: content · ArabidopsisPositive and negative results
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- negative
- negative
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See all 17 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.