Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine the changes in yield response and water use efficiency of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. 'Saranac') and timothy (Phleum pratense L. 'Climax') to potassium applications and variations in soil moisture regimes. For each of the two test crops the factorial combination of the following treatments were replicated three times: three soils (Ste Rosalie clay, Greensboro loam, and Danby sandy loam), potassium (0, 25, 50 and 100 mg K kg −1 of dry soil) and three moisture levels: (1) optimal, 70–100% of available water (AW); (2) semi-dry, 0–100% AW; and (3) dry, 0–50% AW. Yield increases of 68% for alfalfa and 40% for timothy were produced by potassium applied to soil under the optimal moisture regime with almost no yield increase under dry soil moisture conditions. Water use efficiency was higher for alfalfa than for timothy, and increased with rates of potassium on Greensboro loam and Danby sandy loam but not on Ste Rosalie clay. Potassium content of alfalfa was lower when grown at optimal soil moisture than in the dry regime. Differences in potassium content between moisture regimes were small for timothy. Due to higher yields, potassium uptake by alfalfa was greater when soils were cropped at optimal moisture. However, less exchangeable potassium was found after the experiment in soils cropped to alfalfa in the optimal moisture regime than in soils under the dry moisture regime. Therefore potassium fertilizer was most effective at the optimal moisture level (near field capacity). Key words: Potassium fertilization, exchangeable potassium, soil moisture regime, potassium uptake, alfalfa, timothy
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium produced a 68% alfalfa yield increase under optimal moisture.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativae0 - Treatment
- potassium applied to soile0
- Outcome
- Yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 68%e0
- Qualifier
- optimal moisture regimee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield increases of 68% for alfalfa and 40% for timothy were produced by potassium applied to soil under the optimal moisture regime with almost no yield increase under dry soil moisture conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium produced a 40% timothy yield increase under optimal moisture.
- Taxon
- timothy
Phleum pratensee0 - Treatment
- potassium applied to soile0
- Outcome
- Yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 40%e0
- Qualifier
- optimal moisture regimee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield increases of 68% for alfalfa and 40% for timothy were produced by potassium applied to soil under the optimal moisture regime with almost no yield increase under dry soil moisture conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Alfalfa showed almost no yield increase from potassium under dry moisture conditions.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- potassium applied to soile0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- almost no yield increasee0
- Qualifier
- dry soil moisture conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield increases of 68% for alfalfa and 40% for timothy were produced by potassium applied to soil under the optimal moisture regime with almost no yield increase under dry soil moisture conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Timothy showed almost no yield increase from potassium under dry moisture conditions.
- Taxon
- timothyPhleum pratensee0
- Treatment
- potassium applied to soile0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- almost no yield increasee0
- Qualifier
- dry soil moisture conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield increases of 68% for alfalfa and 40% for timothy were produced by potassium applied to soil under the optimal moisture regime with almost no yield increase under dry soil moisture conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Water use efficiency was higher in alfalfa than timothy.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Outcome
- Water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- timothye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water use efficiency was higher for alfalfa than for timothy”
Claim · model-written summary
Alfalfa water use efficiency increased with potassium rates on Greensboro loam and Danby sandy loam.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- rates of potassiume0
- Outcome
- Water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- on Greensboro loam and Danby sandy loame0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water use efficiency was higher for alfalfa than for timothy, and increased with rates of potassium on Greensboro loam and Danby sandy loam but not on Ste Rosalie clay”
Claim · model-written summary
Timothy water use efficiency increased with potassium rates on Greensboro loam and Danby sandy loam.
- Taxon
- timothyPhleum pratensee0
- Treatment
- rates of potassiume0
- Outcome
- Water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- on Greensboro loam and Danby sandy loame0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water use efficiency was higher for alfalfa than for timothy, and increased with rates of potassium on Greensboro loam and Danby sandy loam but not on Ste Rosalie clay”
Claim · model-written summary
Alfalfa water use efficiency did not increase with potassium rates on Ste Rosalie clay.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- rates of potassiume0
- Outcome
- Water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
- Qualifier
- Ste Rosalie claye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water use efficiency was higher for alfalfa than for timothy, and increased with rates of potassium on Greensboro loam and Danby sandy loam but not on Ste Rosalie clay”
Claim · model-written summary
Timothy water use efficiency did not increase with potassium rates on Ste Rosalie clay.
- Taxon
- timothyPhleum pratensee0
- Treatment
- rates of potassiume0
- Outcome
- Water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
- Qualifier
- Ste Rosalie claye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water use efficiency was higher for alfalfa than for timothy, and increased with rates of potassium on Greensboro loam and Danby sandy loam but not on Ste Rosalie clay”
Claim · model-written summary
Alfalfa potassium content was lower at optimal moisture than in the dry regime.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- optimal soil moisturee0
- Outcome
- Potassium contente0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- dry regimee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potassium content of alfalfa was lower when grown at optimal soil moisture than in the dry regime”
Claim · model-written summary
Timothy potassium content differences between moisture regimes were small.
- Taxon
- timothyPhleum pratensee0
- Treatment
- moisture regimese0
- Outcome
- potassium contente0
- Qualifier
- smalle0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Differences in potassium content between moisture regimes were small for timothy”
Claim · model-written summary
Alfalfa potassium uptake was greater at optimal moisture because of higher yields.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- optimal moisturee0
- Outcome
- potassium uptakee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- Due to higher yieldse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Due to higher yields, potassium uptake by alfalfa was greater when soils were cropped at optimal moisture”
Claim · model-written summary
Less exchangeable potassium remained in soils cropped to alfalfa under optimal rather than dry moisture.
- Treatment
- optimal moisture regimee0
- Outcome
- exchangeable potassiume0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Qualifier
- soils cropped to alfalfae0
- Comparator
- dry moisture regimee0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“less exchangeable potassium was found after the experiment in soils cropped to alfalfa in the optimal moisture regime than in soils under the dry moisture regime”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium fertilizer was most effective near field capacity for alfalfa.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Outcome
- potassium fertilizer was most effective at the optimal moisture level (near field capacity)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Therefore potassium fertilizer was most effective at the optimal moisture level (near field capacity)”
e1“potassium uptake, alfalfa, timothy”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium fertilizer was most effective near field capacity for timothy.
- Taxon
- timothyPhleum pratensee1
- Outcome
- potassium fertilizer was most effective at the optimal moisture level (near field capacity)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Therefore potassium fertilizer was most effective at the optimal moisture level (near field capacity)”
e1“potassium uptake, alfalfa, timothy”
The same questions in other papers
potassium · yield · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Results differ
29 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
34 papers more in this group
See all 38 papers →potassium · yield · Phleum pratense (timothy)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →potassium · physiology: water · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.