Abstract
Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) was used as a tool for functional analysis of cell wall-associated genes that have been suggested to be involved in leaf abscission. Tobacco rattle virus is an effective vector for VIGS in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Silencing was more efficient when the plants were grown at 22 degrees C than when they were grown at 20 degrees C or 25 degrees C. The photobleaching phenotype resulting from silencing phytoene desaturase varied, depending on cultivar, from barely visible to photobleaching of entire leaves. To study the function of abscission-related genes, a purple transgenic tomato line constitutively expressing the maize anthocyanin regulatory gene, Leaf colour (Lc) was used. Silencing Lc expression in this line resulted in reduced anthocyanin production (reversing the colour from purple to green), thus providing a convenient silencing 'reporter'. Silencing tomato abscission-related polygalacturonases (TAPGs), using a TAPG1 fragment, delayed abscission and increased break strength of the abscission zone in explants treated with 1 mul l(-1) ethylene. The abundance of TAPG1 transcripts in the green (silenced) abscission zone tissues was <1% of that in the purple (non-silenced) controls. As a highly homologous region was used for all five polygalacturonases it is assumed that the effect of delayed abscission is the result of silencing all the genes in this family. By contrast, silencing abscission-related expansins (LeEXP11 and LeEXP12) and endoglucanases (LeCEL1 and LeCEL2) had no discernible effect on break strength, even when the two endoglucanase genes were silenced concurrently. Simultaneous silencing of TAPG and LeCEL1 was no more effective than silencing TAPG alone. The data demonstrate the importance of TAPGs in the abscission of leaf petioles.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco rattle virus was an effective VIGS vector in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Outcome
- effective vectore0
- Comparator
- VIGSe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“Tobacco rattle virus is an effective vector for VIGS in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum).”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing was more efficient at 22 degrees C than at 20 or 25 degrees C.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 22 degrees Ce0
- Outcome
- Silencinge0
- Direction
- more efficiente0
- Comparator
- 20 degrees C or 25 degrees Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“Silencing was more efficient when the plants were grown at 22 degrees C than when they were grown at 20 degrees C or 25 degrees C.”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytoene desaturase silencing caused cultivar-dependent photobleaching from barely visible to whole leaves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- phytoene desaturasee0
- Outcome
- photobleaching phenotypee0
- Qualifier
- depending on cultivare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“The photobleaching phenotype resulting from silencing phytoene desaturase varied, depending on cultivar, from barely visible to photobleaching of entire leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing Lc reduced anthocyanin and changed leaves from purple to green.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Silencing Lc expressione0
- Gene
- Lce0
- Outcome
- anthocyanin productione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“Silencing Lc expression in this line resulted in reduced anthocyanin production (reversing the colour from purple to green), thus providing a convenient silencing 'reporter'.”
Claim · model-written summary
Lc color change provided a silencing reporter.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- convenient silencing 'reporter'e0
Not reportedValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“thus providing a convenient silencing 'reporter'.”
Claim · model-written summary
TAPG silencing delayed petiole abscission under ethylene.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Silencing tomato abscission-related polygalacturonases (TAPGs)e0
- Gene
- TAPGse0
- Outcome
- abscissione0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“Silencing tomato abscission-related polygalacturonases (TAPGs), using a TAPG1 fragment, delayed abscission and increased break strength of the abscission zone in explants treated with 1 mul l(-1) ethylene.”
Claim · model-written summary
TAPG silencing increased abscission-zone break strength under ethylene.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Silencing tomato abscission-related polygalacturonases (TAPGs)e0
- Gene
- TAPGse0
- Outcome
- break strengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“Silencing tomato abscission-related polygalacturonases (TAPGs), using a TAPG1 fragment, delayed abscission and increased break strength of the abscission zone in explants treated with 1 mul l(-1) ethylene.”
Claim · model-written summary
TAPG1 transcript abundance in silenced zones was below 1% of nonsilenced controls.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- TAPG1e0
- Outcome
- abundance of TAPG1 transcriptse0
- Value
- <1%e0
- Comparator
- purple (non-silenced) controlse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“The abundance of TAPG1 transcripts in the green (silenced) abscission zone tissues was <1% of that in the purple (non-silenced) controls.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing LeEXP11 and LeEXP12 had no discernible effect on break strength.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- silencing abscission-related expansins (LeEXP11 and LeEXP12)e0
- Gene
- LeEXP11 and LeEXP12e0
- Outcome
- break strengthe0
- Direction
- no discernible effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“By contrast, silencing abscission-related expansins (LeEXP11 and LeEXP12) and endoglucanases (LeCEL1 and LeCEL2) had no discernible effect on break strength, even when the two endoglucanase genes were silenced concurrently.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing LeCEL1 and LeCEL2 had no discernible effect on break strength.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- silencing abscission-related expansins (LeEXP11 and LeEXP12) and endoglucanases (LeCEL1 and LeCEL2)e0
- Gene
- LeCEL1 and LeCEL2e0
- Outcome
- break strengthe0
- Direction
- no discernible effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“By contrast, silencing abscission-related expansins (LeEXP11 and LeEXP12) and endoglucanases (LeCEL1 and LeCEL2) had no discernible effect on break strength, even when the two endoglucanase genes were silenced concurrently.”
Claim · model-written summary
Concurrent TAPG and LeCEL1 silencing did not improve break strength over TAPG silencing alone.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Simultaneous silencing of TAPG and LeCEL1e0
- Gene
- TAPG and LeCEL1e0
- Outcome
- no more effectivee0
- Direction
- no more effectivee0
- Comparator
- silencing TAPG alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“Simultaneous silencing of TAPG and LeCEL1 was no more effective than silencing TAPG alone.”
The same questions in other papers
loss of function · quality: phytochemicals · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
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12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.