Abstract
The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) disease resistance protein RESISTANCE TO PSEUDOMONAS SYRINGAE4 (RPS4) activates defenses in response to bacterial pathogens expressing avrRps4 in a gene-for-gene specific manner. The RPS4 gene produces multiple transcripts via alternative splicing of two regular introns flanking exon 3 and a cryptic intron within exon 3. We showed previously that RPS4-mediated resistance requires the combined presence of transcripts encoding both full-length and truncated open reading frames. Here, we demonstrate that alternative splicing of RPS4 undergoes dynamic changes specifically during the resistance response. Furthermore, RPS4 expression was induced by the presence of AvrRps4 in an EDS1-dependent manner. Interestingly, inducible alternative splicing was not limited to the avrRps4-RPS4 interaction, indicating that regulation of alternative splicing may be a general response to prime the plant stress response system. Intron-deficient transgenes lacking only one intron were previously shown to be nonfunctional. Here, we establish quantitatively that the absence of one intron had no effect on the splicing frequency of remaining introns. Given the lack of functionality of single intron-deficient transgenes, this suggests that the products of individual transcripts have distinct functions during RPS4-triggered resistance. Transient expression of truncated RPS4 proteins in Nicotiana benthamiana induced hypersensitive response-like cell death in the absence of AvrRps4. Interestingly, different truncated proteins had markedly differing stability. In summary, RPS4 function is regulated at multiple levels, including gene expression, alternative splicing, and protein stability, presumably to fine-tune activity and limit damage inflicted by activated RPS4 protein.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
RPS4 alternative splicing changed during resistance.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Gene
- RPS4e0
- Outcome
- alternative splicing of RPS4e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) disease resistance protein RESISTANCE TO PSEUDOMONAS SYRINGAE4 (RPS4) activates defenses in response to bacterial pathogens expressing avrRps4 in a gene-for-gene specific manner. The RPS4 gene produces multiple transcripts via alternative splicing of two regular introns flanking exon 3 and a cryptic intron within exon 3. We showed previously that RPS4-mediated resistance requires the combined presence of transcripts encoding both full-length and truncated open reading frames. Here, we demonstrate that alternative splicing of RPS4 undergoes dynamic changes specifically during the resistance response”
Claim · model-written summary
AvrRps4 induced RPS4 expression in an EDS1-dependent manner.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Gene
- RPS4e0
- Outcome
- RPS4 expressione0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Qualifier
- EDS1-dependente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) disease resistance protein RESISTANCE TO PSEUDOMONAS SYRINGAE4 (RPS4) activates defenses in response to bacterial pathogens expressing avrRps4 in a gene-for-gene specific manner. The RPS4 gene produces multiple transcripts via alternative splicing of two regular introns flanking exon 3 and a cryptic intron within exon 3. We showed previously that RPS4-mediated resistance requires the combined presence of transcripts encoding both full-length and truncated open reading frames. Here, we demonstrate that alternative splicing of RPS4 undergoes dynamic changes specifically during the resistance response. Furthermore, RPS4 expression was induced by the presence of AvrRps4 in an EDS1-dependent manner”
Claim · model-written summary
Inducible splicing was not limited to the avrRps4-RPS4 interaction.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Gene
- RPS4e0
- Outcome
- inducible alternative splicinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inducible alternative splicing was not limited to the avrRps4-RPS4 interaction”
e1“The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
Removing one intron did not affect splicing frequency of remaining introns.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Treatment
- absence of one introne0
- Outcome
- splicing frequency of remaining intronse0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the absence of one intron had no effect on the splicing frequency of remaining introns”
e1“The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
Truncated RPS4 expression induced cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana without AvrRps4.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamiana
Nicotiana benthamianae0 - Treatment
- Transient expression of truncated RPS4 proteinse0
- Gene
- RPS4e0
- Outcome
- hypersensitive response-like cell deathe0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transient expression of truncated RPS4 proteins in Nicotiana benthamiana induced hypersensitive response-like cell death in the absence of AvrRps4”
Claim · model-written summary
Truncated RPS4 proteins differed in stability.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Outcome
- stabilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“different truncated proteins had markedly differing stability”
e1“The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
The same questions in other papers
transgenic · disease · Nicotiana benthamianaPositive and negative results
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