Abstract
Abstract Changes in flesh firmness of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) in response to fruit temperature were characterised for fruit removed from storage at 0°C at a range of levels of firmness generated by the normal softening associated with fruit ripening. Firmness was less after 24 h equilibration to 20°C ( f 2 ) than when measured immediately after removal from coolstorage (f 1 ) . Fruit regained firmness upon recooling to 0°C ( f 3 ) which, as a proportion of], occurred to greater extent in soft fruit than firmer fruit which were in the rapid phase of fruit softening. Thus, the firmness temperature coefficient (k ft , %/°C, a measure of the percentage change in firmness caused by a given temperature change) of kiwifruit was itself shown to be a function of flesh firmness. It is suggested this resulted from contributions from two processes: a direct, reversible, physical effect that was a linear function of temperature; and in the phase of rapid fruit softening, an irreversible, physiological loss of firmness associated with stimulated fruit ripening at elevated temperature. Fitted functions relating k fT to f 1 and f 2 were used to develop expressions which permit approximate calculation of f 2 given f 1 and vice versa. These expressions could be used to link more effectively research data obtained at 20°C with commercial assessments of fruit firmness made on fruit at 0°C e.g., by correcting estimates of time required for fruit to soften to commercially important firmness thresholds.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Kiwifruit flesh firmness was lower after equilibration at 20°C than immediately after cool storage.
- Taxon
- kiwifruit
Actinidia deliciosat0 - Treatment
- 24 h equilibration to 20°Ce0
- Outcome
- Firmnesse0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- immediately after removal from coolstoragee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Firmness was less after 24 h equilibration to 20°C ( f 2 ) than when measured immediately after removal from coolstorage (f 1 )”
t0“kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit regained firmness after recooling to 0°C.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Treatment
- recooling to 0°Ce0
- Outcome
- firmnesse0
- Direction
- regainede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit regained firmness upon recooling to 0°C ( f 3 )”
t0“kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
The firmness recovery proportion was greater in soft fruit than firmer fruit.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Material
- soft fruite0
- Outcome
- greater extente0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- firmer fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“occurred to greater extent in soft fruit than firmer fruit which were in the rapid phase of fruit softening”
t0“Firmness‐temperature coefficient of kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
The firmness temperature coefficient depended on flesh firmness.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosae0
- Outcome
- firmness temperature coefficiente0
- Comparator
- flesh firmnesse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the firmness temperature coefficient (k ft , %/°C, a measure of the percentage change in firmness caused by a given temperature change) of kiwifruit was itself shown to be a function of flesh firmness”
Claim · model-written summary
Fitted functions permitted approximate calculation of firmness at either temperature from the other.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Outcome
- approximate calculation of f 2 given f 1 and vice versae0
- Comparator
- f 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fitted functions relating k fT to f 1 and f 2 were used to develop expressions which permit approximate calculation of f 2 given f 1 and vice versa”
t0“kiwifruit”