Paper · 1993 · Journal of Food Processing and Preservation

INHIBITION of APPLE POLYPHENOLOXIDASE (PPO) BY ASCORBIC ACID, CITRIC ACID and SODIUM CHLORIDE

FRANCESCO PIZZOCARO; DANILA TORREGGIANI; GIANLUCA GILARDI

5
claims
10
verbatim quotes
262
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

The inhibiting effect of ascorbic acid, citric acid and sodium chloride on Polyphenoloxidase (PPO) of Golden Delicious apple cubes was studied. Dipping in ascorbic acid (0.2-10 g/L range) and in NaCl (0.2-1 g/L range) solutions for 5 min increases the PPO activity. Citric acid solutions (0.2-10 g/L range) have little or no inhibition of PPO. A 90-100% PPO inhibition was obtained with a 5 min dip in mixtures of ascorbic acid and citric acid (10 + 2 g/L), and of ascorbic acid and sodium chloride (10 + 0.5 g/L).

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 5

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ascorbic acid dips increased apple PPO activity.

Treatment
ascorbic acid (0.2-10 g/L range)e0
Outcome
PPO activitye0
Direction
increasese0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Dipping in ascorbic acid (0.2-10 g/L range) and in NaCl (0.2-1 g/L range) solutions for 5 min increases the PPO activity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 144–264 · show in text ↑
t0

“APPLE POLYPHENOLOXIDASE”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 14–37 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

NaCl dips increased apple PPO activity.

Treatment
NaCl (0.2-1 g/L range)e0
Outcome
PPO activitye0
Direction
increasese0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Dipping in ascorbic acid (0.2-10 g/L range) and in NaCl (0.2-1 g/L range) solutions for 5 min increases the PPO activity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 144–264 · show in text ↑
t0

“APPLE POLYPHENOLOXIDASE”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 14–37 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Citric acid had little or no inhibition of apple PPO.

Treatment
Citric acid solutions (0.2-10 g/L range)e0
Outcome
inhibition of PPOe0
Direction
little or no inhibitione0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Citric acid solutions (0.2-10 g/L range) have little or no inhibition of PPO”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 266–342 · show in text ↑
t0

“APPLE POLYPHENOLOXIDASE”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 14–37 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

An ascorbic and citric acid mixture inhibited PPO by 90–100%.

Treatment
mixtures of ascorbic acid and citric acid (10 + 2 g/L)e0
Outcome
PPO inhibitione0
Direction
inhibitione0
Value
90-100%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A 90-100% PPO inhibition was obtained with a 5 min dip in mixtures of ascorbic acid and citric acid (10 + 2 g/L)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 344–456 · show in text ↑
t0

“APPLE POLYPHENOLOXIDASE”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 14–37 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

An ascorbic acid and sodium chloride mixture inhibited PPO by 90–100%.

Treatment
ascorbic acid and sodium chloride (10 + 0.5 g/L)e0
Outcome
PPO inhibitione0
Direction
inhibitione0
Value
90-100%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A 90-100% PPO inhibition was obtained with a 5 min dip in mixtures of ascorbic acid and citric acid (10 + 2 g/L), and of ascorbic acid and sodium chloride (10 + 0.5 g/L)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 344–513 · show in text ↑
t0

“APPLE POLYPHENOLOXIDASE”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 14–37 · show in text ↑

citric acid · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Malus domestica (apple)Results differ

4 papers: 4 positive, 0 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

ascorbic acid · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree

11 papers: 11 positive, 0 negative or no effect

10 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

7 papers more in this group

See all 11 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.