Abstract
Salinity is one of the major factors reducing plant growth and productivity worldwide and affects about 7% of world’s total land area. In India about 6.73 million hectare of land area is salt affected. Wheat is the second most important crop after rice in India and occupies approximately 28.5 million hectare area. Several tolerance indices comprising of mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress tolerance index (STI), stress stability index (SSI), tolerance index (TOL), yield index (YI) and yield stability index (YSI) were calculated in this investigation for salinity and its ability to understand which one or more predictor among studied indices based on correlation, principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Ten wheat genotypes were evaluated in two successive growing seasons (2012-2014), with complete randomized design with three replications under both salinity stress and non-salinity to identify salt tolerant genotypes to the target environment. Multiple indices for salt tolerance were calculated based on the potential yield (Yp) under non-stress and yield (Ys) under stress conditions. The Ys and Yp showed highest significant and positive correlations with GMP, MP and STI among indices studied. Therefore, these indices were considered as a better predictor of Ys and Yp than TOL, SSI and YSI. Principal component analysis classified the genotypes into two groups. The first two PCs with eigen values >1 contributed 99.74% of the variability amongst genotypes. PC1 accounted for about 5.24% of the variation in salt tolerance indices and PC2 for 3.74%. The first PC was related to Ys, Yp, MP, GMP, STI and YI whereas the second PC related to Yp, TOL and SSI. The cluster analysis sequestrated ten genotypes into two clusters based on Ward’s method. According to results, salinity significantly reduced the yield of some genotypes while some were found tolerant to stress indicating sufficient genetic variability for salinity tolerance among the studied genotypes. It could be implicated in selection of salinity tolerant wheat genotypes for the development of bread wheat varieties.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Stress and potential yields correlated most positively with GMP, MP and STI.
- Taxon
- Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Triticum aestivumt0 - Outcome
- Ys and Ype0
- Direction
- positivee0
- Comparator
- GMP, MP and STIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Ys and Yp showed highest significant and positive correlations with GMP, MP and STI among indices studied”
t0“Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
GMP, MP and STI were judged better yield predictors than TOL, SSI and YSI.
- Taxon
- Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)Triticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- better predictor of Ys and Ype0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- TOL, SSI and YSIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these indices were considered as a better predictor of Ys and Yp than TOL, SSI and YSI”
t0“Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
PCA classified wheat genotypes into two groups.
- Taxon
- Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)Triticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- classified the genotypes into two groupse0
- Value
- two groupse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Principal component analysis classified the genotypes into two groups”
t0“Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The first two PCs accounted for 99.74% of genotype variability.
- Taxon
- Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)Triticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- variability amongst genotypese0
- Value
- 99.74%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The first two PCs with eigen values >1 contributed 99.74% of the variability amongst genotypes”
t0“Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
PC1 accounted for about 5.24% of variation in salt tolerance indices.
- Taxon
- Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)Triticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- variation in salt tolerance indicese0
- Value
- 5.24%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PC1 accounted for about 5.24% of the variation in salt tolerance indices”
t0“Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
PC2 accounted for 3.74% of variation in salt tolerance indices.
- Taxon
- Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)Triticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- PC2e0
- Value
- 3.74%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PC2 for 3.74%”
t0“Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
PC1 related to Ys, Yp, MP, GMP, STI and YI.
- Taxon
- Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)Triticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- The first PCe0
- Comparator
- Ys, Yp, MP, GMP, STI and YIe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The first PC was related to Ys, Yp, MP, GMP, STI and YI”
t0“Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
PC2 related to Yp, TOL and SSI.
- Taxon
- Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)Triticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- the second PCe0
- Comparator
- Yp, TOL and SSIe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the second PC related to Yp, TOL and SSI”
t0“Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ward clustering separated ten genotypes into two clusters.
- Taxon
- Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)Triticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- two clusterse0
- Value
- two clusterse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The cluster analysis sequestrated ten genotypes into two clusters based on Ward’s method”
t0“Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity significantly reduced yield in some genotypes.
- Taxon
- Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- some genotypese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity significantly reduced the yield of some genotypes while some were found tolerant to stress”
t0“Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Some genotypes were tolerant of salinity.
- Taxon
- Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)Triticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- tolerant to stresse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“some were found tolerant to stress indicating sufficient genetic variability for salinity tolerance among the studied genotypes”
t0“Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose selecting tolerant genotypes to develop bread wheat varieties.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- selection of salinity tolerant wheat genotypes for the development of bread wheat varietiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“selection of salinity tolerant wheat genotypes for the development of bread wheat varieties”
The same questions in other papers
salinity · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
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