Abstract
We have investigated the genetic interactions between cry2 and the various flowering pathways in relation to the regulation of flowering by photoperiod and vernalization. For this, we combined three alleles of CRY2, the wild-type CRY2-Landsberg erecta (Ler), a cry2 loss-of-function null allele, and the gain-of-function CRY2-Cape Verde Islands (Cvi), with mutants representing the various photoreceptors and flowering pathways. The analysis of CRY2 alleles combined with photoreceptor mutants showed that CRY2-Cvi could compensate the loss of phyA and cry1, also indicating that cry2 does not require functional phyA or cry1. The analysis of mutants of the photoperiod pathway showed epistasis of co and gi to the CRY2 alleles, indicating that cry2 needs the product of CO and GI genes to promote flowering. All double mutants of this pathway showed a photoperiod response very much reduced compared with Ler. In contrast, mutations in the autonomous pathway genes were additive to the CRY2 alleles, partially overcoming the effects of CRY2-Cvi and restoring day length responsiveness. The three CRY2 alleles were day length sensitive when combined with FRI-Sf2 and/or FLC-Sf2 genes, which could be reverted when the delay of flowering caused by FRI-Sf2 and FLC-Sf2 alleles was removed by vernalization. In addition, we looked at the expression of FLC and CRY2 genes and showed that CRY2 is negatively regulated by FLC. These results indicate an interaction between the photoperiod and the FLC-dependent pathways upstream to the common downstream targets of both pathways, SOC1 and FT.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
CRY2-Cvi compensated for loss of phyA and cry1.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsist0 - Gene
- CRY2-Cvie0
- Outcome
- loss of phyA and cry1e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CRY2-Cvi could compensate the loss of phyA and cry1”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
co and gi were epistatic to CRY2 alleles.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- co and gie0
- Outcome
- epistasise0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“epistasis of co and gi to the CRY2 alleles”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Double mutants in the photoperiod pathway had a much reduced photoperiod response versus Ler.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Outcome
- photoperiod responsee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- Lere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All double mutants of this pathway showed a photoperiod response very much reduced compared with Ler.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Autonomous pathway mutations were additive to CRY2 alleles and partly restored day length responsiveness.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- CRY2 allelese0
- Outcome
- day length responsivenesse0
- Direction
- restoringe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mutations in the autonomous pathway genes were additive to the CRY2 alleles, partially overcoming the effects of CRY2-Cvi and restoring day length responsiveness”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Three CRY2 alleles were day length sensitive when combined with FRI-Sf2 or FLC-Sf2.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- CRY2 allelese0
- Outcome
- day length sensitivee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The three CRY2 alleles were day length sensitive when combined with FRI-Sf2 and/or FLC-Sf2 genes”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Vernalization reversed the flowering delay caused by FRI-Sf2 and FLC-Sf2.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- vernalizatione0
- Gene
- FRI-Sf2 and FLC-Sf2 allelese0
- Outcome
- delay of floweringe0
- Direction
- removede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the delay of flowering caused by FRI-Sf2 and FLC-Sf2 alleles was removed by vernalization”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
FLC negatively regulated CRY2 expression.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- FLCe0
- Outcome
- CRY2e0
- Direction
- negatively regulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CRY2 is negatively regulated by FLC”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Results indicate an interaction between the photoperiod and FLC dependent pathways upstream of SOC1 and FT.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- SOC1 and FTe0
- Outcome
- interactione0
- Qualifier
- upstreame0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an interaction between the photoperiod and the FLC-dependent pathways upstream to the common downstream targets of both pathways, SOC1 and FT”
t0“Arabidopsis”
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See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.