Abstract
Localized heat wounding of tomato plants triggered rapid changes in growth and in electrical activity. The growth alterations were manifested as a transient increase in growth (petiole elongation), followed by a massive, long-lasting growth reduction. The electrical potential changes consisted of a wave of depolarization and re-polarization, i.e., a variation potential (VP). The tissue deformation apparently resulted from a pressure surge rapidly transmitted through the xylem, and preceded the changes in electrical potential. Externally-applied pressure mimicked flame wounding by triggering an electrical response resembling a VP. Our findings suggest that the VP results from a pressure surge in the xylem causing change in activity of mechanosensitive ion channels or pumps in adjacent living cells. The ensuing ion fluxes evoke plasma membrane depolarization, monitored extracellularly as a VP. Wounding also evoked a systemic decrease in polysomes, as well as a decrease in their protein synthesizing capacity in vitro. Very little of the newly-synthesized proteinase inhibitor (pin) and calmodulin (cal) mRNA was recruited into polysomes during the first hour following wounding. Since the VP appearance in distant tissue preceded the systemic molecular responses, the VP might be the long-distance signal up-regulating transcription of proteinase inhibitors and calmodulin, and down-regulating translation.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Localized heat wounding gave a transient increase in tomato petiole growth.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Treatment
- Localized heat woundinge1
- Outcome
- growth (petiole elongation)e2
- Direction
- transient increasee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Localized heat wounding of tomato plants triggered rapid changes in growth and in electrical activity”
e2“The growth alterations were manifested as a transient increase in growth (petiole elongation), followed by a massive, long-lasting growth reduction”
Claim · model-written summary
Localized heat wounding gave a long-lasting reduction in tomato growth.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Localized heat woundinge1
- Outcome
- growthe2
- Direction
- long-lasting growth reductione2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Localized heat wounding of tomato plants triggered rapid changes in growth and in electrical activity”
e2“The growth alterations were manifested as a transient increase in growth (petiole elongation), followed by a massive, long-lasting growth reduction”
Claim · model-written summary
Localized heat wounding triggered a variation potential, a wave of depolarization and re-polarization, in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Localized heat woundinge1
- Outcome
- variation potential (VP)e3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Localized heat wounding of tomato plants triggered rapid changes in growth and in electrical activity”
e3“The electrical potential changes consisted of a wave of depolarization and re-polarization, i.e., a variation potential (VP)”
Claim · model-written summary
Externally applied pressure mimicked flame wounding by evoking an electrical response resembling a variation potential in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Externally-applied pressuree4
- Outcome
- electrical response resembling a VPe4
- Comparator
- flame woundinge4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Localized heat wounding of tomato plants triggered rapid changes in growth and in electrical activity”
e4“Externally-applied pressure mimicked flame wounding by triggering an electrical response resembling a VP”
Claim · model-written summary
Wounding decreased polysomes systemically in tomato, with a decrease in their protein synthesizing capacity in vitro.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Woundinge5
- Outcome
- polysomese5
- Direction
- decreasee5
- Qualifier
- decrease in their protein synthesizing capacity in vitroe5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Localized heat wounding of tomato plants triggered rapid changes in growth and in electrical activity”
e5“Wounding also evoked a systemic decrease in polysomes, as well as a decrease in their protein synthesizing capacity in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
Very little newly synthesized proteinase inhibitor and calmodulin mRNA was recruited into polysomes in the first hour after wounding in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- woundinge6
- Gene
- proteinase inhibitor (pin) and calmodulin (cal)e6
- Outcome
- recruited into polysomese6
- Direction
- Very littlee6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Localized heat wounding of tomato plants triggered rapid changes in growth and in electrical activity”
e6“Very little of the newly-synthesized proteinase inhibitor (pin) and calmodulin (cal) mRNA was recruited into polysomes during the first hour following wounding”
Claim · model-written summary
The variation potential may be the long-distance signal that up-regulates transcription of proteinase inhibitors and calmodulin and down-regulates translation in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- transcription of proteinase inhibitors and calmoduline7
- Qualifier
- long-distance signale7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Localized heat wounding of tomato plants triggered rapid changes in growth and in electrical activity”
e7“the VP might be the long-distance signal up-regulating transcription of proteinase inhibitors and calmodulin, and down-regulating translation”