Abstract
Stress caused by early weed competition is known to delay the rate of maize development which may result in a decrease in kernel number. Kernel number in maize is correlated negatively with the length of the anthesis-silking interval (ASI). A short ASI has been identified as an easily measured, visual trait which may identify enhanced drought tolerance in maize. Field studies were conducted to test whether: (1) delaying weed control would result in a lengthening of ASI in both a drought tolerant and non-drought tolerant maize hybrid and (2) the presence of drought tolerance genetics comes at a physiological cost, resulting in a greater yield reduction under weedy conditions. In this study, the response of a drought tolerant hybrid with its non-drought tolerant near-isoline was compared to seven different timings of weed control using wheat as a surrogate competitor. Results confirmed that there was no treatment by hybrid interaction at any site–yr for any of the parameters evaluated. Delaying weed control reduced plant height, leaf tip number, shifted and reduced biomass accumulation, kernel number and grain yield and lengthened ASI for both hybrids. Although yield losses occurred with the delay in weed control timing, no yield differences were observed between hybrids suggesting that there was no additional physiological cost associated with the drought tolerant traits. The drought tolerant hybrid, however, was found to have a shorter ASI, lower kernel number and higher kernel wt compared to the non-drought tolerant hybrid. This study confirmed that delaying weed control can influence the length of ASI, which is an important drought tolerant trait. The lengthening of ASI by early weed competition resulted in a rate of yield loss of 0.13 T ha −1 growing degree days (GDD) −1 when averaged across both hybrids and all treatments.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment-by-hybrid interactions were absent for evaluated parameters.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“no treatment by hybrid interaction at any site–yr for any of the parameters evaluated”
Claim · model-written summary
Delayed weed control reduced plant height and leaf tip number in both hybrids.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“Delaying weed control reduced plant height, leaf tip number”
Claim · model-written summary
Delayed weed control shifted and reduced biomass accumulation.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“Delaying weed control reduced plant height, leaf tip number, shifted and reduced biomass accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Delayed weed control reduced kernel number and grain yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“Delaying weed control reduced plant height, leaf tip number, shifted and reduced biomass accumulation, kernel number and grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Delayed weed control lengthened ASI in both hybrids.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“Delaying weed control reduced plant height, leaf tip number, shifted and reduced biomass accumulation, kernel number and grain yield and lengthened ASI for both hybrids”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield did not differ between the two hybrids.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“no yield differences were observed between hybrids”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought-tolerant hybrid had a shorter ASI than its non-tolerant near-isoline.
- Material
- drought tolerant hybride0
- Outcome
- ASIe0
- Direction
- shortere0
- Comparator
- non-drought tolerant hybride0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“drought tolerant hybrid, however, was found to have a shorter ASI, lower kernel number and higher kernel wt compared to the non-drought tolerant hybrid”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought-tolerant hybrid had lower kernel number than its non-tolerant near-isoline.
- Material
- drought tolerant hybride0
- Outcome
- kernel numbere0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- non-drought tolerant hybride0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“drought tolerant hybrid, however, was found to have a shorter ASI, lower kernel number and higher kernel wt compared to the non-drought tolerant hybrid”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought-tolerant hybrid had higher kernel weight than its non-tolerant near-isoline.
- Material
- drought tolerant hybride0
- Outcome
- kernel wte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- non-drought tolerant hybride0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“drought tolerant hybrid, however, was found to have a shorter ASI, lower kernel number and higher kernel wt compared to the non-drought tolerant hybrid”
Claim · model-written summary
ASI lengthening with early weed competition corresponded to yield loss at 0.13 T ha −1 GDD −1.
- Treatment
- early weed competitione0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- rate of yield losse0
- Direction
- losse0
- Value
- 0.13 T ha −1 growing degree days (GDD) −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“The lengthening of ASI by early weed competition resulted in a rate of yield loss of 0.13 T ha −1 growing degree days (GDD) −1”
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